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WJEC MATHEMATICS INTERMEDIATE SHAPE AND AREA 2D AND 3D SHAPES 1 Contents Triangles Quadrilaterals 2D Shapes Keywords 3D Shapes Credits WJEC Question bank http://www.wjec.co.uk/question-bank/question-search.html BBC Bitesize Edexcel Past Paper Questions 2 Triangles All triangles have three sides and three angles. There are four types of triangles you should know and you should know their properties. Name Diagram Properties Equilateral All sides are the same length All angles are 60o Right Angled One of the angles has to be 90o (denoted by a square) Scalene All sides and all angles are different Isosceles Two sides are the same length (denoted by the dashes) Two angles shown in the diagram are the same 3 Quadrilaterals Quadrilaterals are shapes that have four sides and four angles. Name Diagram Properties All angles are 90o Square All sides are the same length The diagonals are the same length Diagonals bisect at 90o Rectangle All angles are 90o Opposite sides are the same length Same length diagonals Opposite sides are parallel Rhombus Opposite angles are the same All sides are the same Adjacent angles sum to 180o Different length diagonals Opposite sides are parallel Diagonals bisect at 90o Opposite angles are the same Adjacent angles sum to 180o Opposite sides are the same Opposite sides are parallel Parallelogram Trapezium Two sides (opposite) are parallel Kite Two pairs of sides of equal length One pair of diagonally opposite angles Diagonals bisect at 90o 4 2D Shapes Here are some other 2D shapes that you should know Name Diagram Properties 5 Sides Pentagon Hexagon 6 Sides Heptagon 7 Sides Octagon 8 Sides Nonagon 9 Sides Decagon 10 Sides Keywords A regular shape is a shape with all sides and angles equal. The above shapes are all regular shapes. The opposite of this is an irregular shape. The diagonals of a quadrilateral is the length from opposite vertices (corners) 5 3D Shapes Shape Sphere Cube Cuboid Cylinder Cone Square Based Pyramid Tetrahedron (Triangular based pyramid) Triangular Prism Diagram Properties 6 Faces (squares) 12 Edges 8 Vertices 6 Faces (4 rectangles, 2 squares) 12 Edges 8 Vertices 3 Faces (2 circle, 1 rectangle) 2 Edges 2 Faces 1 Edge 1 Vertex 5 Faces (1 square, 4 triangles) 8 Edges 5 Vertices 4 Faces (triangles) 6 Edges 4 Vertices 5 Faces (3 rectangles, 2 triangles) 9 Edges 6 Vertices Keywords A shape with a consistent cross section is a prism. (If you make a cut parallel to the two faces, you have the same shape) A pyramid has sloping faces that meet at a vertex 6 Exam Questions G14 1. 2. 3. 7 4. 5. 8