Download Endocrine System Notes

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM NOTES
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
(pp. 997 - 1008)
 There are two systems that regulate the body.
The nervous system relays information to the
Electrical system
body using ___ _________________________
that
fast
travel very _______,
but the messages are shortlived. The endocrine system uses
hormones
chemicals
_________________,
or _________________
blood
messages that travel through the _________
to
relay information to the body..

THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

The endocrine system is slower-acting, but the
Longer lasting
action of hormones is _______________________.
hypothalamus
The ____________________,
which maintains
homeostasis in the body, controls most of the
glands of the endocrine system.
I. ENDOCRINE GLAND FUNCTION
A. Hormone Production
 Hormones help regulate growth, metabolism,
appearance, behavior, growth, reproduction,
and fluid balance. Most hormones are produced
endocrine
by _______________
glands.

ENDOCRINE GLAND FUNCTION

Endocrine glands are unique because they are
ductless; in other words, hormones are secreted
the blood
into ____________________
and the
circulatory
_____________________
system transports the
hormone to its destination. Its destination is
target
known as its ______________.
A hormone may
have only one target, or it may have several.
ENDOCRINE GLAND FUNCTION
B. Control of Hormone Production
 Hormone release is regulated by a mechanism
Negative feedback
known as ____________________________.
 Information about the effect of the hormone is
“fed back” to the gland. When the desired
condition is reached, the gland
Switches off
________________________________________

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK SYSTEM
TYPES OF HORMONES
C. Types of Hormones – Hormones can be
placed in two groups based on chemical
structure:
 1. Peptide hormones – Most hormones are
proteins
composed of _________________
and are
known as peptide hormones.
Lipid
 2. Steroids – _____________ molecules derived
cholesterol
from _____________________.
Include the sex
testosterone & estrogen
hormones - ________________________________

HORMONE
Growth Hormone
Thyroxine
Insulin
Glucagon
GLAND
Pituitary Gland
Thyroid
Pancreas
Pancreas
EFFECT
Stimulates _mitosis_; undersecretion results in
_dwarfism__; oversecretion results in
_gigantism_
Regulates __metabolism____; requires _iodine___
for normal function
_Lowers________ blood _glucose___ concentration
by stimulating cells to take up glucose; triggers
storage of glucose as _glycogen______; not
produced in individuals with _Type I
Diabetes_____
__Increases______ blood glucose concentration
by breaking down _glycogen_______ stored in
liver to glucose
Epinephrine
Adrenal
Glands
(_Adrenaline_)
Known as _”fight or
flight”________ hormone
 _Bronchioles___ dilate to
increase air flow for _cellular
respiration_____
 _Glycogen_____ in the liver is
broken down to glucose for
_cellular respiration____
 _Heart___ rate is increased
 Blood flow to the _skeletal__
muscles increases
 Blood flow to the
_digestive____ system is
decreased
Testosterone
Estrogen/Prog
esterone
Testes
Triggers development of
secondary sex characteristics;
_meiosis_____ to produce
__haploid____ sperm cells.
Ovaries
Triggers development of
secondary sex characteristics;
__meiosis______ to produce
__haploid_____ egg cells.