Download THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (pp

THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (pp. 1031-1037)
There are two systems that regulate the body. The nervous system relays information to the
body using _electrical impulses_that travel very _quickly_, but the messages are short-lived.
The endocrine system uses _hormones____, or _chemical_ messages that travel through the
_blood____ to relay information to the body. The endocrine system is slower-acting, but the
action of hormones is _longer lasting_. The _hypothalamus__, which maintains homeostasis
in the body, controls most of the glands of the endocrine system.
HORMONES OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
HORMONE
Growth Hormone
Thyroxine
Insulin
Glucagon
Epinephrine
(_Adrenaline_)
Testosterone
Estrogen/Progesterone
GLAND
Pituitary Gland
Thyroid
Pancreas
EFFECT
Stimulates _mitosis_; undersecretion results in
_dwarfism__; oversecretion results in _gigantism_
Regulates __metabolism____; requires _iodine___
for normal function
_Lowers________ blood _glucose___ concentration
by stimulating cells to take up glucose; triggers
storage of glucose as _glycogen______; not
produced in individuals with _Type I Diabetes_____
__Increases______ blood glucose concentration by
breaking down _glycogen_______ stored in liver to
Pancreas
glucose
Known as _”fight or flight”________ hormone
 _Bronchioles___ dilate to increase air flow
for _cellular respiration_____
Adrenal Glands
 _Glycogen_____ in the liver is broken down
to glucose for _cellular respiration____
 _Heart___ rate is increased
 Blood flow to the _skeletal__ muscles
increases
 Blood flow to the _digestive____ system is
decreased
Triggers development of secondary sex
characteristics; _meiosis_____ to produce
Testes
__haploid____ sperm cells.
Triggers development of secondary sex
characteristics; __meiosis______ to produce
Ovaries
__haploid_____ egg cells.