Download Nutrition 1

JOURNAL
 What
influences your food choices??
•List at least 3 influences (why do you
choose the foods you eat?)
Nutrition
-
The process in which the body
takes in and uses food.
Q:
How can good nutrition enhance your quality of
life and help prevent disease??
A: It provides the calories and nutrients your body
needs for maximum energy and wellness.
Calories -
Units of heat that measure the
energy available in foods.
 One important reason you eat is to take in
calories.
 This energy (from calories) is used by the body
and fuels everything you do.
Such as: exercising, playing sports, doing
homework, and hanging out with friends.
Nutrients -
Substances in food that your body
needs.
Nutrients have many important roles:
 Gives you energy
 Builds new tissue and repairs cells
 Helps your body process and run smoothly
 Making healthy food choices lowers your risk of
developing many life-threatening conditions such
as:
heart disease, stroke, cancers, and osteoporosis
(bones become fragile and more likely to break).
To survive, the human body needs
the nutrients found in food.
Nutrients are classified into 6
groups: carbohydrates,
proteins, fats, vitamins,
minerals, and water.
Carbohydrates - The starches and sugars present in
foods. The body’s preferred source of
energy (providing 4 calories per gram).
 Your body uses energy from carbohydrates
to perform EVERY task.
 Carbohydrates are
classified as either simple
or complex.
-
Simple Carbohydrates-
Sugars (found in fruit, milk, and table sugar)
Complex Carbohydrates -
Starches (found in whole grains, seeds, nuts,
beans, potatoes).
The body must break down
complex carbohydrates into
simple carbohydrates before it
can use them for energy.
HUH?!?!?
Your body converts ALL carbohydrates
into glucose.
Glucose - a simple sugar that is your
body’s main source of energy.
 If your body does not use the glucose right away it
is stored in the liver and muscles as a substance
called glycogen.
Journal
-List 5 healthy foods served in the
cafeteria.
- List 5 unhealthy foods served in
the cafeteria.
 What does your body do when it needs more
energy??
- It converts the glycogen back to glucose.
 Is it possible to take in more carbohydrates
than your body can use right away or store as
glycogen???
-YES!! When this happens your body converts
and stores the excess carbohydrates as….
body fat
Fiber -
An indigestible complex carbohydrate that is
found in the tough, stringy parts of
vegetables, fruits, and whole grains.
Fiber can’t be digested and used
as energy but it helps move
waste through the digestive
system and helps prevent
intestinal problems such as
constipation.
Proteins - nutrients that help build and maintain
body cells and tissues.
Proteins continued…
 During the major growth periods (infancy,
childhood, adolescence, and pregnancy) the
body uses the protein to build new cells and
tissues.
 Throughout your life, the body replaces
damaged and worn out cells by making new
ones from proteins.
 Proteins also supply the body with energy,
although it is not the body’s main source of
energy.
Proteins continued….
Good sources of proteins are animal
products:
- fish,
- meat
- poultry
- eggs
- milk
- cheese (comes from milk)
- yogurt (comes from milk)
Additional sources can be found in:
nuts, and whole grains.
beans, peas,
Fats True or False??
Fats are a substance that
should be eliminated from
our diets.
FALSE!!!!!!
 Some fat in the diet is
necessary for good health.
FATS Nutrients that provide energy and perform
many functions for your body.
 Two types of fats:
Saturated = fats that are solid at room temp
(found mostly in animal and dairy products).
Unsaturated = liquid at room temp
(Mainly from plant sources, vegetable oil,
avocados, olives.)
Which is better for you??????????
Unsaturated Fat
Found in vegetable oils, nuts, and
seeds.
Unsaturated fats have been
associated with reduced risk of heart
disease.
Saturated Fat

Animal fats, such as lard,
and dairy products are
HIGH in saturated fat.
 Chicken & Fish are LOWER in saturated fat.
A high intake of saturated fat can
increase the risk of heart disease.
The role of FATS:
 Fats transport vitamins in your blood to help with
growth and healthy skin.
 Fats also add flavor and texture to foods, and
because they take longer to digest, they satisfy
hunger longer than other nutrients.
 Foods high in fats tend to be
high in calories.
 Consuming too much fat
increases your risk of weight
gain and obesity.
Cholesterol
- A waxy lipidlike substance that
circulates in the blood.
What the body makes on its own is
used to produce cell membranes, nerve
tissue, Vitamin D, produce hormones,
and bile (which helps digest fats).
Cholesterol Continued….
 Excess cholesterol is deposited in the arteries
(which includes HEART ARTERIES!!!)
 Arteries can become clogged which can increase
the risk of heart disease.
Question:
Is high cholesterol something
that is hereditary?
YES!!
Cholesterol continued…
You can’t control age and heredity but you
can control what you eat.
Dietary Cholesterol - cholesterol found in
animal products such as:
-egg yolks
-meats (esp. organ meats)
- high fat milk products
Vitamins -
Substances that help regulate many
vital body processes, including
fighting diseases and producing
energy.
Minerals - Substances that the body uses to
form healthy bones & teeth, keep
the blood healthy, and keep the
heart and other organs working
properly.
*The best way to get vitamins
& minerals is to choose nutritious
foods.
Water  Vital to EVERY body function
 Transports nutrients and oxygen to cells.
 Helps you digest and absorb food.
 Removes toxins and other wastes
**You
need to replace water that
your body loses. It is recommended
that you drink 8 cups of water a day.
Refer to the worksheet to answer
the following questions:
1. What does Vitamin C help promote?
2. Which mineral is found in bananas?
3. What Vitamin is responsible for healthy skin and
normal vision? What are 2 food sources this
vitamin is found in?
4. What 2 minerals are responsible for maintaining
strong bones and teeth?
5. What is folic acid responsible for?
6. Whole grains, breads, and cereals are rich in
what?
Answers:
1. Vitamin C is responsible for healthy teeth, gums, & bones.
It also helps heal wounds & fight infections.
2. Potassium is found in bananas.
3. Vitamin A is responsible for healthy skin & normal vision.
Found in dark-green leafy vegies, dairy products, eggs,
yellow/orange fruits and vegies.
4. Calcium & Fluoride
5. Folic acid is responsible for the production and
maintenance of new cells.
6. Vitamin B