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Transcript
Geology Module # 7 • Pangaea was the name of the land mass that existed approximately 240 million years ago. • Alfred Wegner first created continental drift theory which stated that the continents drifted apart from this land mass into their present day location. He used plant/animal fossil evidence to help support his theory. • Eventually, Plate Tectonic theory was developed that stated that the plates in the earth’s crust are moving due to convection in the mantle. Readiness The History of Plate Tectonic Theory Plate Tectonics and Crustal Features • Plates can collide (converge) to form mountains like the Himilayas. • Plates can separate (diverge) under the ocean floor and cause ridges like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. • Plates can slide (transform) past one another and cause earthquakes. • Plates can collide and go underneath (subduct) another plate to cause volcanoes. Readiness • Plates are moving in the earth’s crust due to convection in the mantle of Earth. Convection and Plate Tectonics Readiness • Heat from the core of the earth generates to create convection in the mantle. Heat rises and sinks within the mantle to create plate movement on the surface of the earth resulting in different types of landforms like volcanoes, midocean ridges, and mountains. Readiness Convergent Boundaries Readiness Divergent Boundaries Plate Tectonics Map Readiness • Looking at the map can you predict the different landforms at each type of boundary? Topographic maps show the changes of elevation and different land features on the earth’s surface. If contour lines are very close, then the land is steep. If contour lines are spread apart, then the land gradually slopes. At the end of a V-shaped river valley on a topographic map, exists a delta, where sediment is deposited. Readiness Topographic Maps Weathering Topographic Map Readiness • If you were to climb the hill, which way would you go? Why? How much elevation would you have climbed?