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INTRO TO NUTRITION NUTRITION • The study of how the body nutrients in feed to sustain life and for productive purposes • Nutrients: A substance in the diet that supports the normal functions of the body Why do we study nutrition? NUTRITION = INPUT COSTS • Makes up 45-75% of expenses depending on the type of enterprise • Health and well-being • Physical abilities • Susceptibility/ability to recover from disease NUTRIENTS • 2 types: • Dietary Essential (Hint: you really, really need these) • Dietary Nonessential • Nutrient Classifications • Water, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fats WATER • Most important Nutrient • Needed in largest amounts of all nutrients • 65%-85% of body weight at birth • 45% to 60% of body weight at maturity • 90%-95% of blood is water WHY WATER MATTERS • Transportation of other nutrients and waste products • Temperature regulation • Maintains shape of cells • Lubricates joints and organs in the body Q &A Where do animals get water? What effects water consumption? WATER REQUIREMENTS •Swine= 2-5 gal/hd/day •Sheep= 1-4 gal/hd/day •Cattle= 8-16 gal/hd/day •Horses= 10-14 gal/hd/day WATER IN FEED • Grains can range from 8% to 30% water • Forages can range from 5% in a dry hay to more than 90% water in lush young grass METABOLIC WATER • Water produced by the body during chemical reactions • 5-10% of total water intake Q &A How is water lost from the body? WATER DEFICIENCIES 1. Reduced feed consumption • Reduces amount of feed eaten by 27% • Reduces feed efficiency by 33% • Reduces weight gain by 50% 2. Weight Loss 3. Water Intoxication • 4-5 days without water animal will drink up to 50% of body weight in ½ hour 4. Death All of these lead to a loss of what?___________________ IN YOUR NOTES: DRAW AND LABEL AN “ANIMAL WATER CYCLE” INCLUDE: FACTORS EFFECTING INTAKE, FUNCTIONS OF WATER, SOURCES OF WATER, AND CONSEQUENCES OF DEFICIENCIES