Download globalization - Gulfport School District

6:30 Post-Cold War World
Globalization

Fall of the Berlin Wall (1989)—official end of the
Cold War

globalization (1970s-present)—interactions of
people, govts, and countries of different world
nations

market oriented policy—cutting taxes,
regulations, and govt assistance to poor; to
grow economies

corporations move jobs to countries with low
wages/regulations  exploitation and
environmental damage

elimination of tariffs—taxes on imports
Globalization

International Monetary Fund, aka IMF (1944)—
promote market economies, free trade

World Bank (1945)—created by UN to offer
loans to developing countries

World Health Organization, aka WHO (1948)—
created by UN to help govts promote health

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries,
aka OPEC (1960)—regulates oil prices

North American Free Trade Agreement, aka
NAFTA (1994)—free trade between Canada,
US, Mexico
Post-Cold War Economies

Asian countries dominate
industrialization, banking, and
IT
 Japan:
IT and banking
 The
Asian Tigers:
manufacturing and
investments
 Hong
Kong, Singapore,
South Korea, Taiwan,
China; millions lifted out
of poverty
Rank
Country
2016 GDP
billions of US Dollars
1
China
$21,636,927
2
India
$8,558,129
3
Japan
$4,901,102
4
Indonesia
$3,010,746
5
South Korea
$1,916,518
6
Saudi Arabia
$1,720,027
7
Iran
$1,439,295
8
Australia
$1,138,085
9
Thailand
$1,108,111
10
Taiwan
$1,099,030
Post-Cold War Economies

India: software and IT  millions still
in poverty

Russia: oil  ultra-wealthy upper
class

Brazil: agribusiness and steel 
millions in favelas (slums)
Effects of Globalization

World Trade Organization (1995)—makes
rules that govern +90% of international
trade

critics say global trade not always fair
trade: ignores workers’ rights, disregards
environments, bankrupts small businesses

internet: easy access to information,
communication  global consciousness

social media, Arab Spring (2011)
Struggles for Democracy



United States Civil Rights Act (1964)–
outlawed discrimination on race, color,
religion, sex, national origin
United States Voting Rights Act (1965)—
outlawed discrimination in voting
South Africa’s Apartheid (1948)—
segregated South Africa’s white/black
citizens

Nelson Mandela (1964)—South African
civil rights leader
Struggles for Democracy

Chinese Communist Party, aka CCP
(1921-present)—censors news, education,
speech
 55
ethnic minority groups, Tiananmen
Square (1989)
Global Security

George H. W. Bush’s New
World Order (1990)—US will
lead in creating a safe,
unified world


conservative Muslim nations
hostile to US’s permissive
attitudes to sex, gender roles,
pop culture; support of Israel;
Persian Gulf War (1991)
Rise of terrorism: al-Qaeda,
Taliban, ISIS
Countries with the Largest Military Budgets, 2012
Country
Total Military (US dollars)
United States
$656 billion
China
$126 billion
Japan
$66 billion
United Kingdom
$61 billion
Russia
$59 billion
Genocide and Human Rights

Rwandan genocide (1993)—800k
minority Tutsis killed by Hutus

Bosnian genocide (1995)— 30k
Muslims killed in former Yugoslavia;
“ethnic cleansing”

Darfur, Sudan (2003)—Sudanese govt
slaughters 200k non-Arab Muslim
Africans

international women’s issues:

not allowed to own property or
divorce

honor killings

social segregation

child marriage

genital mutilation

Trafficking

lack of education and health
care
Environment

global warming—rising avg. temp. of
earth; release of carbon dioxide from
burning fossil fuels (coal, oil)

Greenpeace (1971)—fights
deforestation, desertification,
desertification, overfishing

nonfossil fuel energy—wind, solar, tidal,
geothermal

nuclear disasters: Three Mile Island in
Pennsylvania (1979), Chernobyl in
Ukraine (1986), Fukushima in Japan
(2011)
Disease


antibiotic resistance—
bacteria strains that resist
treatment of antibiotics

Alexander Fleming (1928)
invents penicillin

vaccinations, organ
transplants
Today’s leading epidemics:
malaria, tuberculosis, cholera,
smallpox, polio, HIV/AIDS,
Ebola, diabetes, heart
disease, Alzheimer’s