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Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems The circulatory system moves substances in to and from ____________ cells where they needed produced are _______________ or __________________, responding to changing demands. heart arteries The circulatory system includes the _______________, _________________, ___________________, ________________, and ___________________. veins capillaries blood 1. The Heart The heart is a __________________ _________________ in your chest. It muscular organ 4 chambers. The 2 upper chambers are called is made up of ____ atria ventricles _____________ and the 2 lower ones are called ____________________. valve atrium A ________________ separates each _____________ from the ____________________ below it so that the blood flows in only one ventricle direction. Your heart is a “2-pump” system. Valve The Right Side: The ____________ carbon ___________-filled dioxide blood from the right __________ atrium through the body cells is brought into the __________ _________ (the largest veins in the body). From the right vena ___________ cavas valve right atrium it goes down through a _____________ into the ___________ ___________________ below it. This then pumps the blood through the ventricle _________________ ________________ to the lungs where it will drop pulmonary arteries carbon dioxide oxygen off the _____________ _______________ and pick up ________________. oxygen The Left Side: The ________________-rich blood then goes through the ________________ to the ___________ _____________. pulmonary _____________ veins left atrium From there, the blood goes down through a _____________ into the valve left ventricle ___________ __________________, the largest and strongest chamber in the heart. From there, it goes up and out through the ______________, the aorta largest artery in the body. This vessel then goes around behind the heart and digestive organs down through the trunk middle of the _______________. B. The chambers: atria atrium 1. The ____________ (singular is ___________) receive blood from the body or lungs. They are ______________ and _____________ smaller thinner than the other chambers. 2. The ____________________ are the pumping chambers. They ventricles large muscular are _______________ and ____________________, and pump blood out of the ______________ to either the lungs or the body. heart 2. Blood vessels: away A. Arteries carry blood ____________ from the heart. (A= artery, A= away) The ______________ is the largest artery and comes directly out of the aorta heart _______________ and then branches into _____________ which go to arteries the whole body. Arteries carry __________________ blood, except for oxygenated pulmonary the ________________ arteries which go to the lungs ______________. Arteries have ________________ muscles which contract every time the heart beats. This bumping feeling is the ___________. pulse B. Veins carry blood ______ to the heart. They have one-way ______________ valves that keep blood moving toward the heart. Blood in veins carries carbon dioxide oxygen __________ _____________ from the cells and is low in ______________. pulmonary The one vein that carries oxygenated blood is the __________________ ____________ which leads from the ____________ to the _____________. heart vein lungs The largest veins in the body are the ___________ ____________. vena cavas C. Capillaries – Arteries continue to branch, getting smaller and smaller until they are ________ ____________. Food and oxygen one _________ cell thick diffuse can then _______________ out of the cells and back into the blood vessels, which are now called ___________ and direct the blood back veins heart to the _______________. The intersection of the artery and vein where this diffusion takes place is a ____________________. capillary Flow of blood through the circulatory system: ____________ -> __________ -> ___________ _____________ -> body vena _________ cava right atrium ___________ ______________ -> _________________ _______________ -> right ventricle pulmonary arteries lungs pulmonary veins left atrium ______________ -> _________________ _____________ -> __________ __________ -> ____________ _____________ -> __________________ -> _________________ left ventricle aorta body 3. Blood – Blood consists of _______ red _______ blood cells white ___________ blood ___________, __________ ___________, _____________, and platelets cells plasma ___________________. A. Red blood cells contain ________________, hemoglobin oxygen a chemical that carries _______________ and carbon ___________ dioxide turns red, and carries ___________ and turns purplish red. bacteria viruses B. White blood cells fight _____________, ________, and other body _______________. invaders C. Platelets are cell _______________ that fragments clot help ___________ blood. The Lymphatic System fluid water dissolved _____________, substances 1. Lymph is the _______________ made up of ___________, __________ lymphocytes and ______________________ (cells like white blood cells) and is found between cells. 2. The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels that pick up lymph through capillaries neck _____________________ which join with larger vessels that drain into large _________ ___________ near the heart. Before being added to the blood, the lymph is veins lymph nodes filtered in ____________ ____________. One well known lymph node is the _________________, found in the back of the throat, which catch micro-organisms. tonsils The largest lymph node is the spleen ______________ which filters blood, breaks down old, worn out blood cells, and contains cells that bacteria engulf and destroy ______________. thymus The ______________ is another lymph organ that produces lymphocytes _________________________. 3. Lymphocytes are a type of ____________ white __________ blood ____________ cell that microorganisms engulf __________________________________. 4. Lymph is circulated through the body by the action of _____________ voluntary and _________________ muscles. In the morning, you _________________ involuntary stretch your arms and legs which gets your ______________ moving. lymph Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems The circulatory system moves substances in to and from ____________ where they are _______________ or __________________, responding to changing demands. The circulatory system includes the _______________, _________________, ___________________, _________________, and ___________________. 1. The Heart The heart is a __________________ _________________ in your chest. It is made up of ____ chambers. The 2 upper chambers are called _____________ and the 2 lower ones are called ____________________. A ________________ separates each _____________ from the ____________________ below it so that the blood flows in only one direction. Your heart is a “2-pump” system. Valve The Right Side: The ____________ ___________-filled blood from the body cells is brought into the __________ __________ through the _________ ___________ (the largest veins in the body). From the right atrium it goes down through a _____________ into the ___________ ___________________ below it. This then pumps the blood through the _________________ ________________ to the lungs where it will drop off the _____________ _______________ and pick up ________________. The Left Side: The ________________-rich blood then goes through the ________________ _____________ to the ___________ _____________. From there, the blood goes down through a _____________ into the ___________ __________________, the largest and strongest chamber in the heart. From there, it goes up and out through the ______________, the largest artery in the body. This vessel then goes around behind the heart and digestive organs down through the middle of the _______________. B. The chambers: 1. The ____________ (singular is ___________) receive blood from the body or lungs. They are ______________ and _____________ than the other chambers. 2. The ____________________ are the pumping chambers. They are _______________ and ____________________, and pump blood out of the ______________ to either the lungs or the body. 2. Blood vessels: A. Arteries carry blood ____________ from the heart. (A= artery, A= away) The ______________ is the largest artery and comes directly out of the _______________ and then branches into _____________ which go to the whole body. Arteries carry __________________ blood, except for the ________________ arteries which go to the ______________. Arteries have ________________ which contract every time the heart beats. This bumping feeling is the ________________. B. Veins carry blood ______ the heart. They have one-way ______________ that keep blood moving toward the heart. Blood in veins carries __________ _____________ from the cells and is low in ______________. The one vein that carries oxygenated blood is the __________________ ____________ which leads from the ____________ to the _____________. The largest veins in the body are the ___________ ____________. C. Capillaries – Arteries continue to branch, getting smaller and smaller until they are ________ _________ ____________. Food and oxygen can then _______________ out of the cells and back into the blood vessels, which are now called ___________ and direct the blood back to the _______________. The intersection of the artery and vein where this diffusion takes place is a ____________________. Flow of blood through the circulatory system: ____________ -> __________ _________ -> ___________ _____________ -> ___________ ______________ -> _________________ _______________ -> ______________ -> _________________ _____________ -> __________ __________ -> ____________ _____________ -> __________________ -> _________________ 3. Blood – Blood consists of _______ _______ ___________, __________ ___________ ___________, _____________, and ___________________. A. Red blood cells contain ________________, a chemical that carries _______________ and turns red, and carries ___________ ___________ and turns purplish red. B. White blood cells fight _____________, ________, and other body _______________. C. Platelets are cell _______________ that help ___________ blood. The Lymphatic System 1. Lymph is the _______________ made up of ___________, __________ _____________, and ______________________ (cells like white blood cells) and is found between cells. 2. The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels that pick up lymph through _____________________ which join with larger vessels that drain into large _________ ___________ near the heart. Before being added to the blood, the lymph is filtered in ____________ ____________. One well known lymph node is the _________________, found in the back of the throat, which catch micro-organisms. The largest lymph node is the ______________ which filters blood, breaks down old, worn out blood cells, and contains cells that engulf and destroy ______________. The ______________ is another lymph organ that produces _________________________. 3. Lymphocytes are a type of ____________ __________ ____________ that engulf __________________________________. 4. Lymph is circulated through the body by the action of _____________ and _________________ muscles. In the morning, you _________________ your arms and legs which gets your ______________ moving.