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Causes of the Civil War Election of 1860 • April 1860: Democrats meet in Charleston, SC • Northern & southern members could not agree on a candidate • Party splits Election of 1860 Senator Stephen Douglas Northern Democratic Party Vice President John C. Breckinridge Southern Democratic Party Election of 1860 • Constitutional Union Party—recognized no political principles other than Constitution, the Union, and the enforcement of laws Former Secretary of War John Bell Constitutional Union Party Election of 1860 Abraham Lincoln Republican Party • Moderate: against the spread of slavery Abraham Lincoln • Said he would not try to abolish slavery where it already existed Breaking from the Union • Southerners angry with the election of Lincoln. – felt that their vote did not matter – fear Lincoln will abolish slavery • Lincoln insisted otherwise but had said that slavery would die out eventually Breaking from the Union • December 17, 1860: South Carolina holds secession convention • South Carolina first state to secede Secession—act of formally withdrawing from the Union Confederate States of America 11 states that seceded joined together to form the Confederate States of America Confederate States of America • Jefferson Davis elected President of Confederacy – West Point grad, veteran of Mexican War, Secretary of War, & Senator – Did not seek presidency – Opposed secession Jefferson Davis