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Name Date Class ★ Guided Reading Activity 3-1 DIRECTIONS: Identifying Supporting Details Read each main idea. Use your textbook to supply the details that support or explain each main idea. ★ Main Idea: The election of Abraham Lincoln led the Southern states to secede from the Union. SECTION ★ Main Idea: The North and South each had distinct advantages and disadvantages at the beginning of the Civil War. 7. Detail: , like many skilled senior officers in the United States Army, offered his services to the Confederacy and helped to quickly organize an effective Southern army. 8. Detail: In 1860 the North had almost 90 percent of the nation’s and double the miles of making it easier to arm, move, and supply its troops. 9. Detail: The Confederacy’s financial situation was poor because it could not raise money by selling or by taxing . 10. Detail: Lincoln faced criticism when he suspended the for anyone openly supporting rebels or encouraged others to resist the draft. 11. Detail: Southern leaders believed their strategy of waging a defensive war of would force the Union to spend its resources until it grew tired and agreed to negotiate. 12. Detail: Winfield Scott’s would separate the South and slowly strangle it by cutting off resources to its armies. 112 Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 3-1 1. Detail: During the election of 1860, the Democratic Party split into the Northern Democrats, who nominated , and the Southern Democrats, who nominated . 2. Detail: The Republicans nominated Lincoln because he believed that slavery was morally and wanted to prevent its spread into the . 3. Detail: Although the Republicans reaffirmed the right of Southern states to preserve , many Southerners viewed Lincoln’s election as a threat to their and . 4. Detail: After left the Union in December 1860, six more states seceded in February 1861, including Mississippi, , Alabama, , Louisiana, and Texas. 5. Detail: Senator John J. Crittenden proposed a that included a series of constitutional that would have reinstated the line all the way to California. 6. Detail: Lincoln called for 75,000 military volunteers after the fall of Fort Sumter and created a crisis for the states in the .