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Chapter 1.1 – Equilibrium in the Biosphere Curricular Outcomes 20–A1.1k Explain, in general terms, the one-way flow of energy through the biosphere and how stored biological energy in the biosphere, as a system, is eventually lost as heat Ecology: The study of Ecosystems! Ecosystem: a community of biota interacting with the abiotic world (physical & chemical environment). Example Plants & animals in a habitat with unique soil (edaphic), air & water conditions. Ecosystems are determined by boundaries that limit where organisms can be found ie.// Water’s surface for a fish! John West shark 2 Points About All Ecosystems: 1) There is a cycling of matter between biotic & abiotic (Unit 1) A balance exists between them 2 above called HOMEOSTASIS Animals give off CO2, plants use it and give off O2 2) Energy drives the ecosystem Comes from the SUN! Niche: an organism’s complete role in the ecosystem It’s total way of life Includes: where it lives food it eats water requirements shelter interactions with other populations & the abiotic world Unit A – Chapter 1 Notes Nelson: Pages 6-19 DEFINITIONS BIOSPHERE: the closed system around the entire earth that contains life the biosphere includes the: LITHOSPHERE (land) HYDROSPHERE (water) ATMOSPHERE (air) DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM: any system that can adjust to changes to maintain its steady state SPECIES: a group of organisms that can naturally interbreed to produce fertile offspring POPULATION: all organisms of the same species in the same area at the same time COMMUNITY: all the different populations in the same area at the same time ECOSYSTEM: a community along with its biotic & abiotic environment ABIOTIC = non-living components BIOTIC = living components Biological levels of organization: cell tissue organ population organism Organ system community ecosystem biome TASK: Write down the definitions for each of the bolded terms biosphere Smallest living part of an organism Groups of cells with similar function Group of organisms of same species, living in same area, during same time Groups of organ systems that make up the organism Group of different species living in same area A community and its physical and chemical environment Groups of tissues with similar function Groups of organs with similar function Large area and its organisms Narrow zone around Earth with life BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY = the NUMBER of different species in an ecosystem MORE biodiversity (more species) EQUALS MORE stable of an ecosystem (better!) Why? It can adjust to changes better! (better dynamic equilibrium!) read pages 9-10