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ANATOMICAL POSITION The position with the body upright with the arms at the sides and the palms forward. Accepted standard for medical professionals in reference to medical directional terms. PLANES OF THE BODY Sagittal Plane Frontal (Coronal) Transverse DIRECTIONS & POSITIONS • Superior • Inferior • Cranial • Refers to trunk only • Caudal • Refers to trunk only • Posterior • Anterior • Medial • Lateral • Distal • Proximal • Superficial • Deep MOVEMENTS OF THE BODY Extension Abduction Medial Rotation Trunk Rotation Elevation Inversion Protraction Plantar Flexion Supination Opposition Circumduction Supine Side Lying Flexion Adduction Lateral Rotation Lateral Flexion Depression Eversion Retraction Dorsiflexion Pronation Deviation Prone BODY TISSUE TYPES Skin Ligament Muscle Fascia Bone Retinaculum Cartilage Bursa Tendon THE SKELETON • • How many bones are there in the human skeleton? What is the axial skeleton? • Can you name some bones that belong to the axial skeleton? • What is the appendicular skeleton? • Can you name some bones that belong in the appendicular skeleton? BONE TYPES Long Short Flat Irregular Sesamoid CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS A joint is where two or more bones make contact (articulate). Synarthrodial • AKA Fibrous Joint Amphiarthrodial • AKA Cartilaginous Joint Diarthrodial • AKA Synovial Joint FOR YOUR QUIZ Students should be able to: • Define the anatomical plane. • Identify the three different planes of the body. • Define anatomical position. • Define the jobs of the tissue types of the body. • Identify the types of bones in the body. • Identify the different types of joints in the body. • Define different ranges of motion in the body.
