Download Anatomical Position Sec. 1.9

Anatomical Position Sec. 1.9
• Anterior/Posterior
(ventral/dorsal)
Anatomical Position
• Lateral/Medial
Anatomical Position
• Superior/Inferior
Proximal/Distal
Sections Through the Body
•
•
•
1. Transverse
2. Frontal
3. Saggital
Saggital Plane
Transverse
Bones of the leg pp. 248 - 249
• Tibia and Fibula
Bones of the Leg - Patella
Bones of the leg
• Femur
Pelvis pg. 244
• Ilium
• Pubis
• Ischium
Pg. 245
Welcome to BIOS 2310
Human Anatomy & Physiology I
Instructor: Mr. Todd Templeton
• Today’s Agenda:
– Discussion of the syllabus.
– Presentation of today’s topics:
• Anatomical Position
• Introduction to the Skeletal System
• Class will end at 4:40
Anatomical Position Sec. 1.9
• Anterior/Posterior
(ventral/dorsal)
Anatomical Position
• Lateral/Medial
Anatomical Position
• Superior/Inferior
Anatomical Position
• Proximal: nearer the point of
origin.
• Distal: farther from the point
of origin.
Proximal/Distal
Sections Through the Body
•
•
•
1. Transverse
2. Frontal
3. Saggital
Saggital Plane
Transverse
Bones of the leg pp. 248 - 249
• Tibia and Fibula
Bones of the Leg - Patella
Bones of the leg
• Femur
Bones of the Ankle and Foot
• Pp. 250 - 251
•
•
•
•
•
Tarsals:
Calcaneus
Talus
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Pg. 245
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•
•
•
Shoulder and Thorax
Clavicle
pp.
238
–
239,
pp.
234
235
Scapula
Sternum
True Ribs 1 – 7
(vertebrosternal)
• False Ribs 8 – 12
vertebrochondral (8 –
10). 11 & 12 are floating
or vertebral ribs.
• Costal Cartilage
•
•
•
•
Shoulder and Thorax
Clavicle
pp.
238
–
239,
pp.
234
235
Scapula
Sternum
True Ribs 1 – 7
(vertebrosternal)
• False Ribs 8 – 12
vertebrochondral (8 –
10). 11 & 12 are floating
or vertebral ribs.
• Costal Cartilage
•
•
•
•
Pp. 240 - 241
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Arm
Arm: Radius and Ulna
Arm: Humerus
Wrist and Hand
pg. 242 - 243
• Carpals
• Metacarpals
• Phalanges
Cervical #1 (atlas), cervical #2 (axis) and
another cervical vertebra
Thoracic Vertebrae
12 bones pg. 231
Lumbar Vertebrae
5 Bones pg. 232
Vertebrae
• Sacrum – 5 bones,
fused. Pg. 233
• Coccyx – 4 bones,
fused.
Day 2 Begins Here
Skull pp. 212 - 225
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mandible
Maxilla
Nasal
Zygomatic
Frontal
Temporal
Parietal
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Hyoid pg. 225
• The only bone that
does not touch
another bone.
Axial and Appendicular Skeleton
pg. 211 & pg. 237
Gender Differences
Greater Sciatic Notch
Gender Differences
Body Systems are Interrelated
The Systems of the Human Body
pp. 16 - 17
Breaks down nutrients.
Transport.
Produces hormones that
regulate cell functions.
Systems of the Human Body
Skin
Defenses
Movement
Systems of the Human Body
Monitors and maintains
our internal environment
Exchanges oxygen and
carbon dioxide with blood.
Systems of the Human Body
Removes toxins and excess molecules from
blood.
Day 3 Begins Here
Bone Structure
• Structurally, bone is classified into 2 types:
• 1) Spongy Bone (pg. 191) Note the trabeculae.
Bone Structure
• 2) Compact bone
• pp. 191.
• Note: we will discuss
the microscopic
structure of bone in the
next unit.
Bones are divided into
4 basic shapes pg. 184
1: Long Bones (pg. 186)
• Longer than wide
• Cylinder shaped.
• Located in the appendicular
skeleton.
• Diaphysis (compact)
• Epiphysis (spongy)
Long Bone
• Medullary Canal
• Yellow marrow
• Periosteum
2: Short Bones
• Cube-like.
• Filled with spongy bone, with a thin layer of compact
covering it.
• No hollow medullary canal present.
3. Flat Bone
• Thin, flat.
• Spongy bone interior (diploe),
compact bone exterior.
4. Irregular Bone
• Usually described as a cross between a flat
bone and a short bone.
• Spongy interior.
• Vertebrae and some skull bones would be
examples.
Intramembranous Ossification
Hydroencephalus
Endochondral Ossification
Ephiphyseal Plate
Epiphyseal (Growth) Plate
Growth Plate Fused
Epiphyseal line.
Fetal Bone Growth pg. 197
Greenstick Fracture
Day 4 Begins Here
Today’s Agenda
• Today we will look at joint structure and
function, along with lever systems. Ch. 8
• After lab we will begin preparations for
exam #1, which is the next class meeting.
Suture Joint
Synovial Joint
4. Saddle
• Metacarpal to carpal
of thumb.
Effects of high heels.
25 year old female, no shoes
Same woman, w/ 3 inch heels.
Levers that multiply effort:
The components of a lever:
• Fulcrum
• Effort (Force)
• Load (Resistance)
Speed Lever