Download What Is Insomnia?

• A Sleep Disorder: Insomnia
• Research Team: DESERT EAGLES
• Fatih Türk, Ali Cem Uçar, Özgür Biçer
• 05 May, 2017
This presentation is submitted in partial
• fulfillment of the requirements for
• GPC 126
• Physiological Psychology
• METU-NCC
• Spring 2017
The Objectives of the Presentation
To show:
1. Definition of Insomnia
2. Symptoms of Insomnia
3. Who is at risk?
4. Graphs and Statistics
5. Types of Insomnia
6. Causes of Insomnia
7. Diagnosing Insomnia
8. Treatment
9. Drugs
10. Conclusion
What is
Insomnia?
Insomnia is a sleep disorder that is
characterized by difficulty falling and/or
staying asleep. People with insomnia have
one or more of the following symptoms:
(WebMD, 2017)
• Difficulty falling asleep
• Waking up often during the
night and having trouble going
back to sleep
• Waking up too early in the
morning
• Feeling tired upon waking
• Insomnia can cause daytime
sleepiness and a lack of energy.
• It also can make you feel anxious,
depressed, or irritable.
• You may have trouble focusing on
tasks, paying attention, learning, and
remembering.
• These problems can prevent you
from doing your best at work or
school.
Who Is at Risk for Insomnia?
Insomnia is a common
disorder.
It affects women more often
than men. The disorder can
occur at any age.
However, older adults are
more likely to have insomnia
than younger people.
People that are at risk:
• Have a lot of stress.
• Are depressed or have other emotional distress, such as divorce or
death of a spouse.
• Have lower incomes.
• Work at night or have frequent major shifts in their work hours.
• Travel long distances with time changes.
• Have certain medical conditions or sleep disorders that can disrupt
sleep.
• Have an inactive lifestyle.
TYPES OF INSOMNIA
Primary insomnia
Not directly associated with any other
health condition or problem.
Secondary insomnia
Because of something else, such as a
health condition, pain, medication they
are taking or substance they are using.
Acute vs. Chronic Insomnia
Insomnia also
varies in how
long it lasts
and how often
it occurs.
Causes of Insomnia
• Significant life stress (job loss or change, death of a loved one, divorce,
moving)
• Illness
• Emotional or physical discomfort
• Environmental factors like noise, light, or extreme temperatures (hot or
cold) that interfere with sleep
• Some medications (for example those used to treat colds, allergies,
depression, high blood pressure, and asthma) may interfere with sleep
• Interferences in normal sleep schedule (jet lag or switching from a day to
night shift, for example)
• Severe long-term effects of
insomnia could be associated
with diseases like diabetes, heart
disease, and cancer. Extented
lack of sleep also causes earlyaging.
(Joseph, 2017)
Sleep is the time when the body renews
and revitalizes itself; it is a time of
rebalancing, detoxification, and the rebooting of the immune system.
• “Based on these results, it is not
surprising that someone with
insomnia would feel like they are
working harder to do the same job
as a healthy sleeper,”
(Drummond, 2013)
The A column shows brains from good sleepers, while the
B column shows brains from people with primary
insomnia. The brain scans demonstrate brain activation in
response to task difficulty.
Surprising causes of insomnia
Chronic Pain
• Any condition that leaves you in discomfort can understandably disrupt your
sleep.
Certain Medications
• Drugs for conditions ranging from the common cold and high blood pressure to
depression and asthma can cause insomnia.
Clinical Anxiety Or Depression
• Our daily ups and downs can certainly keep us awake now and then, but an
underlying anxiety disorder or clinical depression could be to blame if worries
and concerns are consistently upsetting your sleep.
(Klein, 2017)
Your Eating And Drinking Habits
• Despite your best intentions, you may be consistently sabotaging your own
sleep with what you eat and drink close to bedtime.
Neurological Diseases
• People with brain conditions like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and stroke often
have problems sleeping as well.
Allergies
• Itchy eyes and stuffed-up noses can certainly steal shut-eye on a consistent
basis. In fact, about 59 percent of people with nasal allergies reported
trouble sleeping due to their symptoms in a 2013 Asthma and Allergy
Foundation of America survey.
(Klein, 2017)
How Is Insomnia Diagnosed?
Medical History
• To find out what's causing your insomnia, your doctor may ask
whether you:
• Have any new or ongoing health problems
• Have painful injuries or health conditions, such as arthritis
• Take any medicines, either over-the-counter or prescription
• Have symptoms or a history of depression, anxiety, or psychosis
Sleep History
• To get a better sense of your sleep problem,
your doctor will ask you for details about
your sleep habits. Before your visit, think
about how to describe your problems
Physical Exam
• Your doctor will do a physical exam to rule out other medical
problems that might cause insomnia. You also may need blood
tests to check for thyroid problems or other conditions that can cause
sleep problems.
Sleep Study
• Your doctor may recommend a sleep
study called a polysomnogram (PSG)
if he or she thinks an underlying
sleep disorder is causing your
insomnia.
TREATING INSOMNIA
Highlights
1. Good sleep habits and a healthy diet can remedy many cases of
insomnia.
2. Some sleep experts recommend light exposure for people who tend
to fall asleep too early at night or wake up too early in the morning.
3. It’s important to determine whether or not an underlying issue or
medical condition is causing your insomnia.
Healthy lifestyle changes
Often, making lifestyle changes can cure insomnia. You might want to
try some of these suggestions:
 Go to bed when you feel tired.
 Use your bedroom only for sleep and sex. Activities that stimulate the
brain, such as watching TV, reading, or eating, should take place
outside the bedroom.
 Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.
 Reduce the stresses in your life that are disrupting your sleep.
Dont smoke
• If you smoke, quit. Nicotine is a stimulant that triggers insomnia.
Watch what you drink
• Avoid drinking excessive amounts of alcohol. Alcohol is a sedative that
may induce sleep initially, but it can disrupt deeper stages of sleep that
allow your body to rest fully. Long-term heavy drinking can also trigger
high blood pressure, heart failure, and stroke.
Exercise
• Exercising 20 to 30 minutes every day can encourage a good night’s
sleep.
Maintain a healthy diet
• Avoid foods that are high in saturated fat, which may cause heartburn
and indigestion. These foods can be hard to digest, particularly when
you eat them late at night. This can make it difficult to sleep.
Insomnia drugs
Some of the more popular prescription sleep
medications include:
 eszopiclone (Lunesta), which is a nonbenzodiazepine sedative
 ramelteon (Rozerem), which is a melatonin
receptor agonist
 trazodone (Desyrel), which is an antidepressant
of the serotonin antagonist and reuptake
inhibitor class
 zaleplon (Sonata), which is a nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic
 zolpidem (Ambien), which is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic
Talk to your doctor
• Try the varied treatments available for
insomnia to help restore your normal
sleep. Talk to your doctor and discuss
which of the lifestyle changes,
behavioral therapies, or medication
options are right for you.
What It's Like To Have Insomnia
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwkKcqdrfGo
Summary of the Presentation
We have talked about
• Definition of Insomnia and its symptoms
• Types, causes and treatments of Insomnia
• Diagnosing Insomnia
• Drugs of Insomnia
QUESTIONS
2 true/false
2 multiple-choice
INSOMNIA is…
1. Common in men
2. Common in the elderly
INSOMNIA is…
1. Common in men
2. Common in the elderly
• The nurse recognizes that a client is experiencing insomnia when the
client reports …
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Extended time to fall asleep
Falling asleep at inappropriate times
Difficulty staying asleep
Feeling tired after a night’s sleep
Which of the followings shows that client is experiencing insomnia?
A) Only I B) I, II C) I, III, IV D) All of them
• The nurse recognizes that a client is experiencing insomnia when the
client reports …
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Extended time to fall asleep
Falling asleep at inappropriate times
Difficulty staying asleep
Feeling tired after a night’s sleep
Which of the followings shows that client is experiencing insomnia?
A) Only I B) I, II C) I, III, IV D) All of them
A sleep disorder in which an awake person suffers from repeated,
sudden, and irresistible REM sleep attacks is known as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Insomnia
Narcolepsy
Somnambulism
Sleep Apnea
A sleep disorder in which an awake person suffers from repeated,
sudden, and irresistible REM sleep attacks is known as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Insomnia
Narcolepsy
Somnambulism
Sleep Apnea
Thank you for your attention.
References
WebMD. (2017). An Overview of Insomnia. Retrieved from: http://www.webmd.com/sleepdisorders/guide/insomnia-symptoms-and-causes#1.
Nhlbi.nih.gov. (2017). What Is Insomnia? - NHLBI, NIH. Retrieved from:
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/inso.
J, Dr. (2017). Results Of Insomnia - A Lack Of Sleep Can Cause - Whole Person Health. [online] Whole
Person Health. Retrieved from: http://www.wholepersonhealth.com/results-of-insomnia-a-lack-ofsleep-can-cause/.
Klein, S. (2017). 7 Surprising Causes Of Insomnia. [online] The Huffington Post. Retrieved from:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/09/surprising-insomnia-causes_n_6817800.html.
Insomnia., (2002). IMDb, Retrieved from: http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0119375/