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Centrum® multivitamins Centrum contains the following vitamins per one tablet : ○ Vitamin A 3500 IU ○ Vitamin C 60 mg ○ Vitamin D 400 IU ○ Vitamin E 30 IU ○ Vitamin K 25 mcg ○ Thiamin 1.5 mg ○ Riboflavin 1.7 mg ○ Niacin 20 mg ○ Vitamin B6 2 mg ○ folic acid 400 mcg ○ Vitamin B12 6 mcg ○ biotin 30 mcg ○ pantothenic acid 10 mg Centrum is used for: Treating or preventing vitamin deficiency due to poor diet, certain illnesses, and important for building blocks of the body and help keep you in good health. How to use Centrum ○ Take this medication by mouth, usually once daily or as directed from the doctor. ○ This medication is best taken on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Take with a full glass of water (8 ounces or 240 milliliters). ○ If stomach upset occurs, you may take this medication with food. ○ Avoid taking antacids, dairy products, tea, or coffee within 2 hours before or after this medication because they may decrease its effectiveness. Special precautions: ○ Pregnant or breastfeeding women should not take Centrum products as it contain 800 micrograms of vitamin A, which is within the safe limit, although vitamin A in the diet may raise vitamin A levels in the blood. This can cause developmental problems in an infant. ○ Centrum multivitamins contain fat-soluble vitamins and minerals, which can cause side effects such as nausea and vomiting, dizziness, headache, muscle weakness, muscle pain, bone pain and confusion, if you exceed the recommended intake. ○ Tetracycline absorption blocked by iron, calcium. Weight reduction products 1- glucophage It contains metformin which is usually used for diabetes, but it is recently being used for weight reduction. Glucophage pills are taken in different dosages; some people take 500x1 others take 850x1 or 850x2 po. Further research and scientific proof are needed because this use is an off label use. Avoid in people with liver or kidney impairment and heart failure. It causes GI disturbances (flatulence, constipation..) and may cause vitamin b12 deficiency. 2- super trim (A&B) Ingredient of super trim A: Apple Cider Vinegar Powder, Broccoli Powder, Calcium, Black Pepper , Ginger Root , Peppermint leaf, Pomegranate Fruit Powder, Cinnamon Bark Powder , Brown Seaweed, Grapefruit Powder. Ingredient of super trim B Green Tea Leaf Powder ,Green Coffee Bean Powder , Cranberry Powder , African Mango Seed Powder , Vitamin C {Ascorbic Acid}, Vitamin B1 {Thiamine} , Vitamin B12 { Cyanocobalamin} , Iron , Calcium , Potassium , Manganese , Zinc, Raspberry, Blueberry Powder. super trim A: Increase Metabolism Process Decrease Appetite Fat Burning Super trim B: Decrease Appetite Fat Burning Decrease Fat absorption Administration: One Tablet From Super Trim A And B Before half an hour from Breakfast and lunch meal with plenty of water Special precautions : pregnancy Glucosamine and chondroitin Brands: 1. Tablets: jointace 2. Cream: jointflex Active ingredients: Glucosamine and chondroitin Uses: Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Back pain Joints pain Note: they are natural substances that we can get them from shellfish (lobster, shrimps, etc.) Dose and administration: Tablet: 2 tablets daily with meal “lunch” …..Why? Food prevent the side effects of the drug: Nausea, diarrhea, heartburn, and sometimes constipation. (GIupset). Cream: we should applied it on clean skin till disappear. Precautions: The drug is contraindicated with “warfarin” …why? B/c these drugs decrease the chance of clots formation and cause bleeding. We must be aware when we use them with: Asthmatic patients (why) ?Sometimes they lead to asthma exacerbations. Diabetic patients (why)? They may increase the sugar in the blood “slightly” HTN Prostate cancer Shellfish allergy Bleeding disorders PubMed (if they are effective): After certain trials they found that these supplements only alleviate the symptoms but they don’t prevent the progression of the disease. Gincosan Indications 1- Assist mental performance , support healthy memory , for lack of concentration and attention . 2- For Arteriosclerotic symptoms Composition Each capsule contain 1- 100 mg Panax ginseng . 2- 60 mg Ginkgo biloba Administration - One capsule twice daily after breakfast and lunch ( each capsule contain 100 mg panax ginseng and o mg ginkgo biloba ). - Should be continued for at least 4 weeks . Special precautions : ● It’s recommended to stop it 2 weeks prior to surgery . ● Important counseling points are listed below: 1- If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding . 2-If you have a history of blood disorders or bleeding conditions . side effects: 1-mild gastrointestinal reactions (such as nausea, stomach pain and diarrhoea) 2-headaches 3- allergic skin reactions Biotin Component of product :biotin + 7%calcium Administration :once daily at the same hour for 3 months (as supplement) Uses : nutritional deficiency is very rare. The amounts needed are small (for adults 30 microgram recommended as a dietary supplement for strengthening hair and nails though scientific data supporting this outcome are weak. used as a supportive treatment in patients with disorders of mitochondrial energy metabolism. In these patients, doses are considerably higher (2 to 15 mg per kilogram of body weight per day) than the dietary reference intake in children (5 to 25 μg per kilogram per day) scientific research support biotin as promising treatment of nail disorders. (brittle nail syndrom) scientific research supported biotin as treatment for alopecia in patients with biotinidase deficienc . special precaution :D-DI with antibiotics such as penicillin Echinacea Ingredients: We take the ingredient from: ➢ leaves. ➢ flower. The root of different echinacea species Uses: ➢ fight infections, especially the common cold, the flu, and other upper respiratory infections. ➢ urinary tract infections. ➢ vaginal yeast infections. ➢ herpes, HIV/AIDS. ➢ bloodstream infections (septicemia). ➢ others like: tonsillitis, streptococcus infections, ear infection, warts, and nose and throat infections. Recommended dosing and administration: Usual adults dose ➢ Tablets :One (100mg ) 3 times daily. ➢ Syrup :two teaspoonful (10 ml) 3 times daily. Usual Children dose ➢ Syrup : one teaspoonful (5ml) 3 times daily. Clinical evidence: - pubmed: Echinacea products have not here been shown to provide benefits for treating colds, although, it is possible there is a weak benefit from some Echinacea products: the results of individual prophylaxis trials consistently show positive (if non-significant) trends, although potential effects are of questionable clinical relevance. Specialprecautions: Echinacea use for more than 8 weeks at a time should be avoided because of the potential for immune suppression. Intravenous (IV) use is not recommended Fish oil Ultra Omega-3 Ultra™ Fish Oils provides a rich source of the essential fatty acids DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid) to help maintain health and wellbeing: EPA and DHA are classed as essential fatty acids because they cannot be made efficiently by the body and must be obtained through the diet. Uses: ● DHA contributes to the maintenance of normal vision¹ and brain function¹. ¹A beneficial effect is obtained with a daily intake of 250mg of DHA ● Both DHA & EPA contribute to the normal function of the heart² . ²A beneficial effect is obtained with a daily intake of 250mg of DHA and EPA ● Ultra™ Omega-3 capsules contain vitamin E, which contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress and helps to protect the high purity oil. Dosing and administration: ● Take two capsules per day. Preferably with a meal and a drink such as milk or orange juice. Do not exceed recommended intake ● To help prevent any aftertaste, Ultra Omega-3 capsules have pioneered an orange flavoured odourmasked shell Special precautions: ● As with other food supplements seek professional advice before using if you are pregnant, breastfeeding or suffer from food allergies, and consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have an underlying medical condition or if on medication(oral anticoagulant ). ● Do not exceed the recommended intake. ● . Store at or below 25°C. Protect from sunlight and direct heat. ● Always read the product directions before use. ● Food supplements are not intended to treat or prevent any disease. Food supplements must not replace a balanced and varied diet, and a healthy lifestyle. Are the manufacture claims about it scientifically valid ? There is currently lack of evidence to support the use of Omega-3 in the primary and secondary prevention of CVD. While it does exert beneficial effects in reducing death from cardiac causes, sudden cardiac death and death from all causes. Cod liver oil Is the essential oil extracted from the livers of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). The exact concentration of nutrients in cod liver oil depends on the species of Gadus family the oil comes from. This product : Helps to maintain healthy vision, skin and immune function Helps in the development and maintenance of night vision helps ease symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Vitamins A and D are essential for the growth development and maintenance of skin, tissue, bones, teeth and vision. it also provides excellent cardiovascular support. uses: **likely effective for : Lowering blood fats called triglycerides ,can reduce TG level by 20%50% in people with high TG levels . **possibly effective for: 1-high blood pressure 2-kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes, it seems to reduce protein in the urine ,a marker for kidney disease severity. **possible ineffective for : 1-osteoarthritis 2-cholesterol disease that runs in families (familial hypercholesterolemia) ** insufficient evidence for: 1-depression 2-irregular heartbeat in people with heart disease ,,might help to prevent certain types of irregular heartbeat. 3-ear infections in young children 4-heart disease 5-systemic lupus erythrematosus 6-wound healing ::topical application of 25% cod liver oil ointment 7-glucoma 8-cognitive performance…. vit D dosing and administration: It’s taken orally : ***1 softgel capsule twice daily Some other doses : For lowering TG : 20 ml/day For high cholesterol : 30 ml/day For lowering blood pressure:20 ml/day Drug interactions with : Antihypertensive agents** **Anticoagulant agents lecithin: it is a dietry supplement • Because it contains phosphatidylcholines, lecithin is a source of choline, an essential nutrient. Clinical studies have shown benefit in acne,in improving liver function,and in lowering cholesterol, BUT clinical studies in dementia and dyskinesias have found no benefit. Lecithin is used for treating memory disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. It is also used for treating gallbladder disease, liver disease, certain types of depression, high cholesterol, anxiety, and a skin disease called eczema. • milk ducts which can lead to mastitis in breastfeeding women.[24] • It can be used as a component of cooking sprays to prevent sticking and as a releasing agent. Lecithin is a fat that is essential in the cells of the body. It can be found in many foods, including soybeans and egg yolks. Lecithin is taken as a medicine and is also used in the manufacturing of medicines. Lecithin is used for treating memory disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. It is also used for treating gallbladder disease, liver disease, certain types of depression, high cholesterol, anxiety, and a skin disease called eczema uses: Possibly Effective for: • Liver disease. Taking lecithin seems to reduce the accumulation of fat in the liver of people who are fed long-term through a needle in the vein (parenteral nutrition). Possibly Ineffective for: • Gallbladder disease. Likely Ineffective for: • Dementia related to Alzheimer's disease or other causes. • Age-related memory impairment. • Head injury. safety and side effects: • Lecithin is LIKELY SAFE for most people. It can cause some side effects including diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, or fullness and hepatitis. • Special Precautions & Warnings: • Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Information regarding safety and efficacy is lacking. • Stay on the safe side and avoid use. doses: • depends on several factors such as the user’s age, health, and several other conditions. • At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for lecithin. • Studies of lecithin in cognitive impairment have used a wide variety of doses, from 1 to 35 g daily. hair, nails and skin (perfectil): what the product contains: multivitamins ( vit B3/ B7/ vit C), zinc and iron. what is used for: it's used to support hair, nails and skin used to maintain healthy strong nails and shiny hair. doses: one capsule daily for 3-6 months are the manufacturer claims scientifically valid: vit B3/B7 increase the formation of energy by converting sugars and proteins to energy thus increase blood flow to skin and nails, bring more nutrition and oxygen which make the skin and hair look more healthy and the nails become more stronger. vit C is critical for collagen production which is essential for hair and nails structure. zinc/ iron: help in decreasing hair loss. special precautions: take the drug after meals with a full glass of water don't exceed recommended dose, specially for young children since it contains iron that may cause harmful side effect like other vitamins, consult a doctor in case of pregnancy and breast feeding or other medical problem. Herbal medicine 1-Prospan: active ingredient: ivy leaves dry extract uses: it's used to treat catarrhal disease of the respiratory tract by its secretolytic, broncho-spasmolytic and cough relieving effects. dosing and administration: children below 6 years: 2.5 ml twice daily 6-12 years: 5ml twice daily children over 12 and adults: 5ml 3 times daily in children under the age of 1 year consult the doctor. Are the manufacture claims about it scientifically valid: prospan is well tolerated and has no known drug interactions, which is one of the reasons why prospan is number one selling herbal cough medication worldwide. 2-Bronchicum elixir what is bronchicum elixir: It’s a liquid extract from thyme and primula root for administration in children from 1 year and adult what is used for: Used in cold of respiratory tract and for the treatment of symptoms of acute bronchitis and colds in respiratory tract with mucus secretion doses: 1-4 years (8-16kg): 2.5ml 6 times daily children from 5 years and adults: 7.5ml 4 times daily special precautions: *children The use in children younger than 1 year of age has not been adequately studied so must not be given to children less than 1 year . *Taking other medication No interactions are known Inform doctor before use if taking other