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Exam style Questions • Identify two nutrients found in oily fish. • Give one function of each • PROTEIN- growth and repair, maintenance of body cells • VITAMIN A- help see in dim light/ normal growth in children, maintenance of healthy skin, keep mucous membranes healthy • VITAMIN D- proper formation of bones and teeth, promote quicker healing of bone fractures, required for absorption of calcium and phosphorus • State two functions of dietary fibre. • Helps to remove toxic or harmful waste products from the body • Helps prevent bowel disorders such as constipation, diverticular disease and bowel cancer • Absorbs water to help bulk out the faeces, which helps move it through he body • Gives a feeling of fullness, to help prevent overeating and obesity • May help to lower LDL cholesterol and so reduce risk of heart disease • Explain the inter-relationship between calcium and vitamin D. • Vitamin D works with calcium to aid absorption and form strong bones and teeth • Without Vitamin D, the body cannot make use of calcium in food • Without Vitamin D less calcium will be absorbed and this will affect the strength of bones and teeth • Describe one way to help prevent the loss of vitamin C from vegetables during each of the following stages: • A) Storage B) Preparation C) Cooking Storage • Store in a cool dark place away from light • Store in a salad drawer of a refrigerator • Store for as short a time as possible Preparation • Do not peel/peel very thinly • Prepare just before needed • Do not soak in water • Use sharp knife • Do not chop into small pieces/ use as large pieces as possible Cooking • Cook vegetables for as short a time as possible • Cook in as little water as possible • Cook with lid on/ in a covered steamer • Steam/microwave • Use vegetable water for soups/sauces (recycle vitamin C) • Don not keep warm/reheat • State two functions of salt in the diet and give two practical ways to reduce salt in the diet. • Functions: • essential for maintaining the correct fluid balance in the body • Required for correct muscle and nerve activity • Prevents muscle cramps • Two practical ways: • Limit intake of salty snacks/ limit intake of processed foods • taste food before adding salt • Use herbs/spices to add flavour • Read labels, choose lower salt products
