Download VITAMINS

VITAMINS:
FAT SOLUBLE
VITAMINS
DR Norhasmah Sulaiman
Department of Resources
Management and Consumer
Studies
Faculty Of Human Ecology UPM
Vitamin
Vitamin A:
Retinol
Primary functions
1.
2.
Formation
and
maintenance
of mucous
membranes,
skin, bones.
Needed for
vision in dim
light.
Deficiency
1.
2.
3.
Increased
susceptibili
ty to
infection,
increased
incidence
and
severity of
infection.
Impaired
vision,
blindness.
Inability
to see in
dim light.
Overdose
1.
2.
3.
4.
Food sources
Hyppervit 1.
aminosis
A.
Nausea,
2.
irritabilit
y, blurred
vision,
weakness
Increase
pressure 3.
in skull,
headache
Liver
damage,
hair loss,
dry skin,
birth
defect.
Animal
products
only.
Liver,
butter,
margarine
, milk,
cheese,
eggs.
Ready to
eat
cereals.
Vitamin
Primary
functions
Deficiency
Overdose
Food
sources
Vitamin A:
2.
Beta- Antioxidant
carot
ene
Related only
to lack
of
vitamin
A.
1.
2.
3.
Lung
•
damage.
Skin may
turn
yelloworange.
Possibly
related to
reversible •
loss of
fertility
in women.
Deep
orange,
yellow,
and
green
vegetab
les and
fruits.
Vitamin
Vitamin E
(Alphatocoph
erol)
Primary functions
1.
2.
Antioxidant.
Reduces the
ability of
LDLcholesterol
to form
plague in
arteries.
Deficiency
1.
2.
3.
4.
Muscle loss,
nerve
damage.
Anemia.
Weakness.
Many adults
may have
non-optimal
blood levels
Overdose
1.
May
increasing
bleedingover 800
IU per
day.
Food sources
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Oils and
fats.
Salad
dressings,
mayonnais
e,
margarine
,shortenin
-g, butter.
Whole
grain,
wheat
germ.
Leafy,
green
vegetable
-s,
tomatoes.
Nuts and
seeds.
Eggs.
Vitamin
Vitamin D
(1,25Dihydroxy
cholicalcifer
ol)
Primary functions
Absorption of
1.
calcium and
phosphorus, and
for their
utilization
2.
in bone formation,
nerve and muscle
activity.
Deficiency
Overdose
Weak,
1.
deformed
bones
(children)rickets.
Loss of
2.
calcium
from bones
(adults),
osteoporosi
s
3.
4.
Mental
retardati
on in
young
children.
Abnormal
bone
growth
and
formatio
n.
Nausea,
diarrhea,
irritabilit
y, weight
loss.
Depositio
n of
calcium
In organs
such as
kidneys,
liver, and
heart.
Food sources
1.
2.
3.
4.
Vitamin D
fortified
milk and
margarin
e.
Butter.
Fish,
eggs,
mushroo
ms.
Milk
products:
cheese,
yogurt,
and ice
cream
are
generally
not
fortified
with
vitamin
D.
Vitamin
Vitamin K
1.
Phylloquinone.
2.
Menaquinone.
Primary
functions
1.
2.
Essential
1.
component
of
2.
mechanism
s that
cause
3.
blood to
clot when
bleeding
occurs.
Aids in
the
incorporat
ion of
calcium
into
bones.
Deficiency
Bleeding,
bruises.
Decreased
calcium in
bones.
Rare. May
be induced
by the
long-term
use of
antibiotics
.
Overdose
Liver disease
if
vitamin K in
synthetic
forms
taken in
Excessive
amounts.
Food sources
1.
2.
Leafy,
green
vegetabl
es.
Grain
product
s.
Thanks…