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Vitamin D Deficiency disease Rickets Constipation Not enough Dietary fibre Constructive worker need more energy because They need more energy for stronger muscle contraction Night blindness Need to eat more Fish liver oil, carrot Rickets Need to eat more Dairy product, Cheese, Milk Constipation Need to eat more vegetables Vitamin C Deficiency disease Scurvy Lipid Food test Spot test Energy requirement depands on Age, gender, occupation, body status Dietary fibre Function Stimulate peristalsis in gut (intestine) Vitamin A Function Form pigment for night vision Teenager need more protein because They need more protein for growth Teenager need more calcium for The growth of bones and teeth Starch Food test Iodine test Matching Glucose . Glycerol . Amino acid. Fatty acid . .Protein .Starch .Lipid Vitamin D Function Help Calcium absorption Scurvy Not enough Vitamin C Clinistix paper Positive result Red to purple Pregnant women need more protein because They need more protein for foetus growth Iron Deficiency disease Anaemia Rickets Not enough Calcium/ Vitamin D Baby need more energy per unit body weight because The relative surface area of baby is large, they need more energy to produce heat to compensate heat loss DCPIP test Positive result Blue to colourless Decolorized Peter: Weight:50kg, Daily energy requirements: 11500 kJ Calculate Peter’s daily energy requirement per unit body weight (kJ/kg)? 11500/50 = 230 kJ/kg Vitamin C Food test DCPIP test Glucose Function Produce energy by respiration Reducing sugar Food test Benedict’s test What is the fate of excess protein? Excess amino acids cannot stored and will be broken down in liver by deamination : (i) Urea formed is carried via the bloodstream to the kidneys and is excreted in the urine. (ii) The remaining part of the amino acid is converted to glycogen and stored in liver. Benedict’s test Positive result Brick red precipitate Protein Food test Albustix paper Iodine test Positive result Brown to blue black Protein Functions Growth and repair, produce enzyme, hormone, haemoglobin Lipid Function Produce energy, shock absorber, heat insulator Calcium Function Form bones and teeth Water Function As solvent, for transport, heat loss by sweating Vitamin A Deficiency disease Night blindness What is the fate of excess glucose? Excess glucose is converted to glycogen by the liver for storage. Some of the excess glucose is converted to lipid. Calculate the energy in 300mL milk Milk (per 100 mL) Energy 272 kJ Carbohydrate 4.8g Protein 3.4g Fat 3.8g Calcium 110 mg 272*3 = 816 kJ Dietary fibre Deficiency disease Constipation Albustix paper Positive result Yellow to Green Calcium Deficiency disease Rickets Scurvy Need to eat more Fruit, vegetable Anaemia Need to eat more Meat, liver Girls needs more iron than boys because Girls loss blood in menstruation. They need more iron to produce haemoglobin in blood Teenager need more protein because They need more protein for growth Night blindness Not enough Vitamin A Glucose Food test Clinistix paper Spot test Positive result Translucent spot disappeared Anaemia Not enough Iron Vitamin C Function Forming connective tissue Iron Function Form haemoglogin
