Download STUDY GUIDE: Unit 3—River Valley Civilizations

STUDY GUIDE: Unit 3—River Valley Civilizations Name: ______________________________
Section 1: Vocabulary and Rivers
**poverty,
drought, war, etc
are examples of
____ factors
Push
**jobs, freedom,
more money, etc
are examples of
____ factors
Pull
Invention of
Word that means an
coined money had extra amount of
a large affect on
something
barter, which is:
Trading
Surplus
The 2 reasons the rivers
were important
Provided fresh water and
fertile soil for crops
Label the civilization
and river(s) for each #
#1
#2
#3
#4
Section 2: Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia’s two
rivers
Tigris River
Euphrates River
Mesopotamians used
these to irrigate (water)
their fields
The area shaped like a
moon around
Mesopotamia where
crops could grow well
earliest form of writing
Fertile Crescent
Cuneiform
1st set of laws written
down
best known for iron
weapons
Hammurabi’s Code
Known for creating the
world’s first alphabet
Hittites
How did trade affect the
Phoenician alphabet
Phoenicians
Caused it to spread
Canals
built trading colonies
along the Mediterranean
coast
Phoenicians
1st civilization in
Mesopotamia
Sumerians
 fierce and organized
soldiers
 ruled through local leaders
 imposed heavy penalties
on resisters
Assyrians
King who created the
Hanging Gardens of
Babylon
Nebuchadnezzar
Section 3: Egypt
period of stability,
prosperity, power,
and glory in Egypt
Type of Egyptian
government after
3100 B.C. when
upper and lower
Egypt were united
Put in the correct
order from first to
last: Villages,
cities, farms
Change in religion
during the Old
Kingdom
New Kingdom
Period when the
pyramids were built
and mummies were
made
Dynasty
A king in ancient
Egypt
Old Kingdom
Pharaoh
Trade
Groups in India
based on a person’s
wealth, birth, or job
True/False: people
could change their
caste if they wanted
to
Egyptian writing
system
Farms then villages
then cities
Egypt conquered
distant lands, which
meant it could ____
with new people
Now had to worship Hieroglyphics
the same gods
Purpose for building Egypt’s river
the great pyramids
As a tomb for the
pharaohs
Nile River
Major mountain
range in northeast
The two “twin”
cities of ancient
India
Section 4: India
The first civilization
in India
Harappan
Group of people who
invaded India and
conquered most of
the civilization
Aryans
Caste System
Language that the
Aryans created in
India
False
The term for when
the soul of a person
is reborn into a
different body
Sanskrit
Reincarnation
The dynasty that
unified China
4,000 miles long in
northern China
Mohenjo Daro and
Himalaya Mountains Harappa
The 2 major rivers in The two major world
ancient India
religions that started
in India
Indus River
Ganges River
Buddhism
Hinduism
The reason the
Great Wall of China
was built
China’s major rivers
Section 5: China
The first Chinese
dynasty
Shang
Qin
Great Wall of China
To protect against
invasions
Huang He (Yellow)
and
Chang Jiang
(Yangzi)
Section 6: Inventions (Technological Advances)
Mesopotamia
Egypt
India
China
Wheel
Irrigation (canals)
Plows
Cuneiform (writing)
First written laws
Number system
Paper (papyrus)
Pyramids
365 day calendar
Hieroglyphics (writing)
Surgery
Mummification
Indoor plumbing
Planned cities
Sanskrit (language)
Sewer system
Water wells
2 story houses
Printing
Sundial
Paper and coined money
Compass
Gunpowder
Silk