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Latin Church vs. Orthodox Church • Christianity developed within the Roman Empire, becoming the official religion under Constantine in the 300s – Christian authority in Rome • Constantine moved the capital of Rome to Constantinople 10 years later – Christianity spreads to Eastern empire • When Rome was sacked by Visigoths, papacy remained in Rome • The eastern empire became the Byzantine Empire – Constantinople becomes important Christian city with a leader called the patriarch Schism • A break or division • A schism officially occurred between the eastern and western churches in 1054 over arguments about who controlled which areas and over church practices Schism • Latin Church – Mostly Western Europe – Headed by Pope in Rome – Later called the Catholic Church • Orthodox Church – Mostly Eastern Europe, Russia, and small parts of Western Asia – Headed by Patriarch in Constantinople In the future… • Another branch of Christianity will develop – Protestantism • A group of people who protested the practices of the Catholic Church in the 1500s • Now has millions of followers Martin Luther - 95 Theses