Download What are the four states of matter?

What is matter?
Essential Question: What are the
differences between the four states of
matter?
Matter is anything that has volume and mass.
 The volume of the liquid is measured by
graduated cylinders
 When you measure the volume of liquid
remember to look at the meniscus
 Mass: amount of matter in an object
 Volume: amount of space
an object occupies




They have definite shape and volume
Particles are pact
Particles vibrate in place
 Liquids
take the shape of the
container
 Liquids have definite volume
 Particles slide past each other

Particles are not packed; they are spaced out.
 Gas
changes their shape;
indefinite shape
 Gas changes their volume;
indefinite volume
 Particles are extremely far away
from each other; particles move
freely
 Plasma
conducts electricity
 Same properties as gas
Physical Properties
 Chemical properties
The ability of the
Can be observed or
substance to change
measured without
into a new substance
changing the identity of
with different
the matter.
properties.


Thermal conductivity

Changes of states of matter
 Ductility:
ability to be drawn into
Wires.
The
 Density:
Mass/volume
3
g/cm
The ability of the
substance to change
into a new substance
with different
properties.
Ex: wood burning and
changing into ash and
smoke
Ability to burn:
Flamability



Freezing water for ice
cubes
Sanding a piece of
wood




Bending a paper clip
Mixing oil and vinegar
Crushing an aluminum
can
Cutting your hair
Column A
Column B
____ sand does not
dissolve in water
a. State
____ gold can be made
into gold foil; thin sheets
b. Thermal conductivity
____ ice is the solid form
of water.
c. Solubility
____ copper can be drawn d. Density
out into wire.
____ a foam cup protects
your hand from being
burned by the hot
chocolate the cup
contains.
e. Ductility
____ ice cubes float in a
glass of water.
f. malleability
Property
Red color
Melting point
Flammability
Reacts with acid
Odor
Reacts with water
Density
Physical property
Chemical
property
Change
Water boiling
Iron rusting
Baking soda
reacting with
vinegar
Sharpening a
pencil
Alka-seltzer
reacting with
water
Paper burning
Tearing paper
Physical change
Chemical
change


It is a pure substance that cannot be
separated into simpler substance by physical
or chemical means.
Each element has it own atomic number (# OF
PROTONS)


When a new substance is formed
Examples : Sour milk, effervescent tablets,
and the Statue of Liberty
Clues to chemical changes:
Color change
Fizzing or foaming
Heat
Production of sound, light, or odor


Two or more elements combined chemically
together. Compounds can only be separated
by chemical means.

Two or more elements combined physically
together. They can be separated by physical
means only.
 Made
out of two or more
elements


Compounds cannot be separated by physical
change while mixtures can.
Compounds do not retain the identity of their
combined elements, while mixtures do.
Compounds must have certain ratio ( H2O)
While mixtures can be formed by any ratio
( Pizza, you can add and take out things to it)


Heterogeneous
mixture
Can tell what the mixture
is made out of

homogeneous mixture
Cannot tell what the
mixture is made out of