Download Buffers and its uses.

It is a solution that does not change the pH
of a solution.
 Consists of a mixture of a weak acid and its
conjugate base or a weak base and its
conjugate acid. It has the property that the
pH of the solution changes very little when
a small amount of strong acid or base is
added to it.
 Conjugate= (of an acid and a base)
related by the loss or gain of a proton: NH
+ . NH + is an
is
a
base
conjugate
to
NH
3
4
4
acid conjugate to NH 3 .

A buffer solution is one which resists
changes in pH when small quantities of an
acid or an alkali are added to it.
 An acidic buffer solution is simply one which
has a pH less than 7. Acidic buffer solutions
are commonly made from a weak acid
and one of its salts - often a sodium salt.
 An alkaline buffer solution has a pH greater
than 7. Alkaline buffer solutions are
commonly made from a weak base and
one of its salts.


One example of a buffer solution is
blood as many life forms thrive only in a
relatively small pH range.

A buffer solution has to contain things
which will remove any hydrogen ions or
hydroxide ions that you might add to it otherwise the pH will change. Acidic and
alkaline buffer solutions achieve this in
different ways.




Our body uses buffers to maintain a blood pH
of 7.35-7.45, and also in a massive number of
biochemical reactions involving enzymes.
Used in biological experiments in the lab,
especially those pertaining to proteins or DNA.
Buffer solutions are also widely used in industry.
Industrial processes requiring buffer solutions
include fermentation, controlling dye processes
and manufacturing pharmaceuticals.
In research, buffers are used all the time to run
biochemical assays. The pH must remain
relatively constant for such assays, thus a buffer
solution is used.


It is also used in patch testing. Acid and
alkaline products must usually be diluted
before patch testing in order to be non-irritant.
The use of ordinary solvents for the dilution
often means low-concentration products to be
tested. By using buffer solutions, the possible
test concentrations can be increased at least
many hundred fold.
In research, buffers are used all the time to run
biochemical assays. The pH must remain
relatively constant for such assays, thus a buffer
solution is used.
http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/
acidbaseeqia/buffers.html
 http://www.ehow.com/howdoes_4912029_what-buffer-solutionsused.html
