Download Hinduism Buddhism

Religion Compare and Contrast Chart
Name: KEY
Period:
Date:
World History – Mrs. Schenck
Hinduism
Religion
Followers are called…
Supreme Power ?
Origin of the religion
(country)/years ago
Founder
# of followers in the
world
(% and #)
Describe the religion in
one sentence.
Reincarnation
Buddhism
Hindus
Buddhists
Supreme force, Brahman, is universal soul – all other gods
are incarnations of him (forms of him – shape shifter)
None
India
≈ 8,000 ya
India
≈ 2,500 ya
None – origins with the Indus and Aryan peoples
Siddhartha Gautama - Buddha
≈ 14% of the world
≈ 900 million people
≈ 6%
≈ 376 million
A religion where follows live by the example of…
… the gods, ancient readings, and ancient rituals of India
passed down over time to achieve moksha.
… the Buddha and the Eightfold Path to achieve
nirvana.
Cycle of birth, death, and rebirth governed by karma
Karma = consequences of your past life determine how your soul will be reborn
What causes suffering
in life?
Karma – your personal choices and not fulfilling your duty
Desires (wants) – to eliminate desires you must
eliminate your attachment to things
Religion
Goal
Famous People
Holy Books/
Language
Places of Worship
Holy Days/
Celebrations
Leadership
Sects/
Other groups
Hinduism
Moksha – freedom from the cycle of reincarnation,
become one with the universe (Brahman)
Nirvana – union with the ultimate spiritual reality,
freedom from the cycle of rebirth
Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama) – “the enlightened
Choose a god to describe here: Vishnu – preserver, Shiva – one”, born a prince then gave everything up,
destroyer, Brahma – creator, etc.
determined the cause of suffering in life is desire
and through meditation reached Nirvana
MANY – Ex: The Vedas, written in Sanskrit
Connections between
Hinduism/Buddhism
-----
Temples – no strict rules about when you visit, usually
dedicated to a god/goddess, may bring an offering
shrines in homes are dedicated with pictures and statues
– perform puja
Ganges River – holiest site in Hinduism, washes away sin
Diwali - celebrates the victory of good over evil, light over
darkness, and knowledge over ignorance
Holi – celebrate arrival of Spring, throw colored powders
to ward off disease
Brahmins – priestly caste
Many different branches in India
Jainism and Sikhism are closely related to Hinduism
Atman – all living beings have souls
Other Important
Ideas/Beliefs
Buddhism
Temples/pagodas, shrines, monasteries
Dharma Day - marks the beginning of the Buddha's
teaching
Monks, bodhisattvas – wise beings close to
nirvana, Dalai Lama
Theravada – monastic life, Mahayana - largest
group, Tibetan – Dalai Lama, Zen - meditation
Caste System – ANCIENT social classes determined by
birth/family and karma (illegal in India today)
Four Noble Truths: there is suffering in the world,
the cause of suffering is our desires, eliminate
desires, follow the eightfold path
Meditation and yoga – paths and exercises that can help
lead to moksha
8-fold Path: suggestions on how to reach nirvana
and eliminate desires
Polytheistic and monotheistic
meditation
Both founded in India, Reincarnation = bad, want to be one with the universe and to stop reincarnating
Nirvana (Buddhism) = Moksha (Hinduism), karma, “stuff” is bad = material things, meditation is good
Hindu Crossword Puzzle
ACROSS:
1. Indus
2. karma
3. Vedas
4. Ganges
5. ascetic
6. sarasvati
7. moksha
8. untouchables
9. snakes
10. Kali
DOWN:
1. Upanishads
2. Lakshmi
3. Shiva
4. dharma
5. Aryan
6. reincarnation
7. creator
8. brahmin
9. caste
10. Vishnu
The Eightfold Path - Examples of ways to exhibit the ideas of the Eightfold Path in your own life….there are many!
1. RIGHT UNDERSTANDING: making the most of your learning in school, reading/writing
2. RIGHT THOUGHT: forgiveness/not holding a grudge, no gossiping, positive thinking
3. RIGHT SPEECH: honesty/no lying, refraining from gossiping
4. RIGHT ACTION: be kind to animals, vegetarian, respect/save the environment
5. RIGHT WORK: vocation = job, donate food to the food drive, donate time to a charity, support a cause you believe in
6. RIGHT EFFORT: mediate, focus on the task at hand, refrain from things that distract your mind like TV and video games
7. RIGHT MINDFULNESS: think about others before you act/don’t be selfish, no drugs or alcohol
8. RIGHT CONCENTRATION: use yoga/physical activity to focus, focus on your breath or heartbeat, find a mantra