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IMS1907 Tutorial 13, Summer Semester, 2004/5 Monash University School of Information Management and Systems IMS1907 Database Systems Summer Semester 2004/5 Tutorial 13 Database Systems Performance Issues, Information Resource Management Unit Review Tutorial Objectives: to develop an understanding of the issues affecting the performance of database systems to develop an awareness of some of the techniques by which database system performance can be tuned to an optimal level to develop an understanding of the nature of information resource management to develop an awareness of the roles of the data administrator and database administrator and their importance to the development and operation of database systems to review topics covered this semester and discuss approaches to studying and exams Tutorial Resources: Tutorial 13 handout – Database Systems Performance Issues, Information Resource Management, Unit Review IMS1907 Lectures 12 - Database Systems Performance Issues IMS1907 Lectures 13 – Information Resource Management, Unit Review Tutorial Task: Answer the following questions about database systems performance. 1. What are the factors we need to consider when assessing database performance? 2. List the five critical decision areas that need to be considered when performing physical database design. 3. Data volume analysis and usage analysis are two important techniques for assessing database workloads. What factors are considered when conducting these types of analyses. 4. What are the issues affecting choice of data types in physical database design? 5. What is a physical record? 6. What are the two goals of designing physical records? Page 1 of 4 IMS1907 Tutorial 13, Summer Semester, 2004/5 7. What is meant by the term ‘page size’? 8. What is meant by the term ‘blocking factor’? 9. What is meant by denormalisation? 10. Why would we choose to denormalise? 11. What are some of the disadvantages of normalisation? 12. What are the issues associated with file organisation in physical database design? 13. Describe the three types of physical file organisation considered in the lectures. 14. What is meant by a ‘cluster’? 15. What is meant by an ‘index’? 16. What is meant by ‘RAID’? 17. Describe the techniques RAID uses to achieve I/O efficiencies. 18. Briefly describe the various RAID technologies available. Consider the following questions related to the roles associated with information resource management: 19. Why has information resource management become an important consideration for organisations? 20. What are the three major roles involved in information resource management? 21. What are some of the problems related to ineffective data administration that lead to poor data utilization in database systems? 22. What are some of the technologies and trends driving the evolution of the roles of data administrator and database administrator? 23. Describe the role of the data administrator. 24. What skills does a data administrator require? 25. Describe the role of the database administrator. 26. What skills does a database administrator require? 27. What are some of the ways in which the role of the DBA is evolving? Unit Review The questions you have already encountered in the tutorial exercises are your best revision guide. I have effectively asked everything you may be required to recall in an exam in these exercises. Go over these questions and use them to polish your answers and focus on the areas of which you are not quite as sure. Use the topic outline below as an additional guide to the subject areas covered this semester. Take the opportunity during this tutorial to clarify any issues you may have relating to the topic areas. - What are database systems? –Database –Data Page 2 of 4 IMS1907 Tutorial 13, Summer Semester, 2004/5 - - - - - –Information –Data vs Information –Metadata –DBMS -DBMS vs file processing systems Database system development and the SDLC IE – a top down approach Database systems planning Database systems development Enterprise data modelling Conceptual data modelling Logical database design Physical database design Database implementation Database maintenance Packaged data models People in database development Microsoft access Relational concepts – table, record, field, keys, primary key, foreign key, secondary key Table structure Forms Reports Queries Database systems architecture Nature of systems architecture Database systems architecture Views, schema ANSI/SPARC three schema architecture –external schema •user views –conceptual schema •single, coherent definition of enterprise data –internal schema •physical storage structures Data independence Database systems network architecture – client-server data modelling and ER modelling nature and aims of data modelling business rules ER modelling Entity, attribute, relationship strong/weak entities degree of a relationship cardinality and cardinality constraints time dependent data types and sub types quality of ER models relational database theory detailed data modelling relational model Page 3 of 4 IMS1907 Tutorial 13, Summer Semester, 2004/5 - - - properties of relations integrity constraints well-structured relations and anomalies representing ER models as relations normalisation functional dependency, normal forms, merging relations, DSD SQL Evolution of SQL Nature and aims of SQL The SQL environment –catalog –schema –data definition language (DDL) –data manipulation language (DML) –data control language (DCL) SQL – DDL commands, data types Creating, altering, deleting databases and tables SQL – DML Populating tables Viewing databases and tables Retrieving data from tables Aggregate operators Pattern matching Joining tables Sub queries Outer joins Database systems performance issues Database performance Physical database design Data types, record arrangements and structures, clusters, indexes Denormalisation Improving file access – RAID Choosing database architecture Hierarchical, network, relational, multidimensional, OO Optimizing query performance Information resource management Information resource management as a discipline Data administration Database administration Evolving role of the DA and DBA This seems like a lot of information but it is fairly straightforward in the way and order in which the topics are covered. Use this outline and the clues provided in the lectures to guide your studies. Page 4 of 4