Download Early Athens

Early Athens
• Synoecism by 8th c
• Aristocratic rule
– Basileus, polemarch, archon, thesmothetai,
Areopagus council
- Kylon 632
- Drako
• Solon c. 594
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Seisachtheia; hektemoroi
Abolishing debt slavery
Four property class with different political rights
Trade; immigration of foreign craftsmen
Power of audit to assembly
Right to appeal to heliaia from Areopagus
Peisistratus - Tyranny
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560s coup
Alcmaeonidae - Megacles
Third return 547
Died 527
Building projects
Dionysia
Pan-Atheneia
Hippias and Hipparchus (d. 514)
End of tyranny 510
Cleisthenes - Beginnings of
Democracy
• Ten tribes replace four Ionic tribes
• Trittyes and demes
• Ten tribes form prytaneis for boule
(council of 500)
• Selection by lot
Themistocles
• Laurion silver 200 talents
• Ostracism, first used 487
• Fortifies Piraeus
Thermopylae vs. Salamis
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Sparta
Land
King Leonidas
Brave/honest
Exclusively Spartan
All die
Failure
Encircled and tricked
Ephialtes
• Athens
• Sea
• Themistocles;
Eurybiades
• Lying and scheming
• Athenians not bravest
• Survive
• Success
• Encircled and tricking
• Themistocles’ slave
Delian League - Athenian
Empire
• Democracy and empire; democracy and
tyranny
• Formed 477: liberation/revenge
• Ships or tribute
• Aristides - assessment
• Treasury at Delos - Apollo
• Revolts on Naxos and Thasos
• Egyptian expedition 458
• Removal of treasury to Athens 454
Athenian Empire
Further Developments in
Athenian Constitution
• Archons elected by lot from 486
• Increased frequency of ekklesia (assembly)
meetings
• Ephialtes and restriction of Areopagus 462
• Change in citizenship law 451
• Pay for boule, courts and assembly
• liturgies
Pericles
Alcmaeonid
Active 461-429
Elected general
Tyrant in democracy - Thucydides
“First Peloponnesian War”
Growth of land empire - Megara, Boeotia
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Agora - Marketplace and “Downtown”
Pnyx - Ekklesia - Assembly