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Download Mesopotamia Packet - Mr. Isaac`s sixth Grade Ancient World History
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SWBAT: Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians Name:____________________________ Date:_______________ Block:________________ 1 Essential Question What systems were created by the Sumerians to form the world’s first civilization and what were the purposes of each of them? Reflection: _________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Standards History/Social Science HSS 6.2 – Analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the early civilizations of Mesopotamia. 6.2.1 – Locate and describe major river systems and discuss the physical settings that supported permanent settlement and early civilizations. 6.2.2 – Trace the development of agricultural techniques that permitted the production of economic surplus and the emergence of cities as centers of culture and power. 6.2.3 – Understand the relationship between religion and the social and political order in Mesopotamia. 6.2.9 – Trace the evolution of language and its written forms. Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 2 Mesopotamian Vocabulary 1. Tigris River – Northeastern river of Mesopotamia. 2. Euphrates River – Southwestern river of Mesopotamia. 3. Fertile Crescent – an area of rich farmland in Southwest Asia (Middle East). 4. Cuneiform – the world’s first system of writing; developed by the Sumerians 5. Sumeria – The world’s first civilization. Located in Mesopotamia. 6. irrigation – a system of canals the brings water from rivers and lakes to farmland. 7. ziggurats – a pyramid shaped temple of the Sumerians. 8. Hammurabi’s Code – a set of 282 laws that dealt with almost every part of daily life. 9. Pictograph – a form of writing that uses picture symbols to represent objects. 10. silt – soil that collects in rivers and is left on the soil after floods. Very good for farming. 11. canals – human-made waterways. 12. surplus – the extra of something after what you need is used up. 13. rural – countryside areas. Not in towns or cities. 14. urban – areas in towns and cities. 15. city-state - a city and all the countryside around it. The stronger the city the more land it controlled. 16. Gilgamesh – a leader of the city-state of Uruk, became a legendary figure in literature. 17. Sargon – The first Sumerian leader to have a permanent army. 18. empire – land with different territories and peoples under a single rule. 19. polytheism – The belief in and worship of many gods. 20. social hierarchy – the division of society by rank or class, with a ruler at the top and poor on the bottom. 21. monarch – a ruler of a kingdom or empire. Power is typically passed to children in the same family. 22. Alphabet – a set of letters that can be combined to form words. Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 3 Instructions: Respond to each statement twice: once before reading and again after reading. Write “A” if you agree with the statement. Write “D” if you disagree with the statement. Response Topic: Before Reading Early Humans Response After Reading Mesopotamia means “between the rivers.” Most people in Mesopotamia made a living by trading. The first Empire in Mesopotamia was created by the Babylonians. The religions of Sumeria were Polytheistic. Skilled craftspeople were just below the priests in the social hierarchy. The Sumerians created the world’s first written language called Stylus. Sumerian rulers lived in palaces called ziggurats. The first written law in history was Hammurabi’s Code. It dealt entirely with crime and punishment. The Assyrians of Mesopotamia conquered parts of Asia Minor and Egypt to create their empire. The world’s first alphabet was created by the Phoenicians. Phoenician traders sailed all the way to the Atlantic Ocean to set up trading posts. Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 4 Visual Reading Guide Directions: Use chapter 3 to complete the following guide. Step 1: Identification Graphic Step 2: Analysis of the Graphic What is this graphic showing me? Why is this graphic important to our topic? Pg. 58-59 Irrigation and Civilization Pg. 63 Sargon’s Empire, c. 2330 BC Pg. 64-65 The City-State of Ur Pg. 70-71 Sumerian Achievement Pg. 78-79 Phoenicia, c. 800 BC Based on the graphics I studied, I think that the main idea of this section will be … ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 5 Directions: Use page 57 in the text to label the following: Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, Tigris River, Euphrates River, Syrian Desert and Nile River. Using page 63 place a dot on the map for the city-states of Babylon, Akkad and Byblos. Go back to page 57 and lightly shade the Fertile Crescent using a green colored pencil. Add and label the dot and color green to the Key. Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 6 TOPIC/OBJECTIVE: ________________________________ NAME: ____________________________ ________________________________________________ Block: ______ DATE:________________ ESSENTIAL QUESTION: ____________________________________________________________________ QUESTIONS: NOTES: __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ SUMMARY:__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 7 Output: Cause and effect Flooding destroyed crops, killed livestock and washed away homes. When water levels were too low, crops dried up. Irrigation made farmers more productive and created a food surplus. Why is this important? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Connections: ________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ Output: Provide neat work (1) ___ Use your creativity to demonstrate what you have learned in the notes: use colorful illustrations with captions, charts, short paragraphs (2) ____ Include connections to self, world, text…., point of view (2) ____. Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 8 TOPIC/OBJECTIVE: ________________________________ NAME: ____________________________ ________________________________________________ Block: ______ DATE:________________ ESSENTIAL QUESTION: ____________________________________________________________________ QUESTIONS: NOTES: __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ SUMMARY:__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 9 TOPIC/OBJECTIVE: _The Rise of Sumer_____________ NAME: ____________________________ ________________________________________________ Block: ______ DATE:________________ ESSENTIAL QUESTION: ____________________________________________________________________ QUESTIONS: I. An Advanced Society:____________________________________ __________________________ __________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ __________________________ 1. The City-State of Sumer __________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ 2. Rise of the Akkadian Empire __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ SUMMARY:__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 10 TOPIC/OBJECTIVE: _Achievements__________________ NAME: ____________________________ ________________________________________________ Block: ______ DATE:________________ ESSENTIAL QUESTION: ____________________________________________________________________ QUESTIONS: II. 1. The invention of writing __________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ 2. Technical Advances __________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ 3. Math and Sciences __________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ SUMMARY:__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 11 Output Directions: Use note pages 11 and 13 to create a graphic showing the achievements of the Sumerians _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ Output: Provide neat work (1) ___ Use your creativity to demonstrate what you have learned in the notes: use colorful illustrations with captions, charts, short paragraphs (2) ____ Include connections to self, world, text…., point of view (2) ____. Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 12 TOPIC/OBJECTIVE: _The Art of Sumer_____________ NAME: ____________________________ ________________________________________________ Block: ______ DATE:________________ ESSENTIAL QUESTION: ____________________________________________________________________ QUESTIONS: III. The Art of Sumer:____________________________________ __________________________ __________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ __________________________ 3. Architecture __________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ 4. The Arts __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________ __________________________ SUMMARY:__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 13 TOPIC/OBJECTIVE: _The Babylonians_________________ NAME: ____________________________ ________________________________________________ Block: ______ DATE:________________ ESSENTIAL QUESTION: ____________________________________________________________________ QUESTIONS: __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ SUMMARY:__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 14 Directions: Read “Sumerian Social Order” and “Men and Women in Sumer” and then fill out the following social hierarchy diagram. Draw a color picture representing the group in each segment of the pyramid and write a description in its’ corresponding box. 1 . 2. _________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ 3 ___________________ ___________________ 1. _____________________________________ 1. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 2 3. _____________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ 3 4. _______________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ 4 5. _________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ 5 Gender roles in Sumeria Men Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians Women 15 Religion in Mesopotamia The Sumerians believed that the forces of nature (rain, wind, floods) were alive. The people couldn't control these forces of nature, so they worshipped them as gods. The people also believed that they were living on Earth only to please the gods. The universe was divided into three levels, the top level where the gods lived, earth below it, and the underworld where you went when you died. The gods stuck people together in their social groups and were believed to have provided what they needed to survive. The Sumerians developed stories and festivals to explain and harness help for their physical environment. New year was extremely important for Sumerians because on that day they believed the gods decided what would happen to mankind for the coming year. The Sumerians had hundreds, perhaps thousands of gods, both male and female. The most important gods included Anu, the ruler of the gods; Enki, the god of earth; and Enlil, the god of the air, who separated heaven and earth. Enlil it was also who gave the Sumerians their knowledge of farming. Each Sumerian city also had its own god. The focus of the city was the ziggurat, a large temple that was the home of that city's god. The priests who worked in the ziggurats were the only ones who knew the will of the gods, so they were very powerful. For example, the city's god owned the land, but the priests made decisions of how to run that land. Each profession was also connected to different gods who looked after those workers. The Mesopotamians worshipped images of their gods, which it was believed actually held the essence or personality of the god that they represented. The ancient Mesopotamians believed in an afterlife that was a land below our world. This land was known by a Sumerian word that meant "Great Below". It was believed everyone went to the “Great Below” after death no matter where they were in Mesopotamian social structure or the actions performed during life. In parts of Mesopotamian religion, magic was believed in and actively practiced. At the city of Uruk, archaeologists have excavated houses dating from the 5th and 4th centuries BCE in which cuneiform clay tablets have been unearthed containing magical incantations.[23] Sources: about.com, Wikipedia.com, kidskonnect.com, socialstudiesforkids.com Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 16 Religion in Mesopotamia Directions: Use the Religion in Mesopotamia sheet to complete the following items: 1. Type of religion (circle one) a. Monotheism b. Polytheism 2. What did the god/gods do? How did they relate with people? 3. What holiday/s were most important to the Sumerians? 4. Who were the leaders of the religion and what was their role in the religion? 5. Where and how did the people worship or practice their religion? 6. What was the afterlife? 7. Describe the following: a. Anu: b. Enki: c. Enlil: Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians 17 Self Evaluation Directions: Read each item. Evaluate your effort on each of the elements below using a scale of 1-5, 1 being almost no effort and 5 being all the effort that was required to do excellent work. To get your total score, add all of the individual scores. Pg. 1 Item Cover Page: & Self Evaluation (5 pts) 2 Essential Question and Standards (5 pts) 4 Anticipation Guide (5 pts) 5 Visual Reading Guide (5pts) 6 Map (5 pts) 7 Notes 1 (5 pts) 8 Output 1 (5 pts) 9 Notes 2 (5 pts) 10 Notes 3 (5 pts) 11 Notes 4 (5 pts) 12 Output 2 (5 pts) 13 Notes 5 (5 pts) 14 Notes 6 (5 pts) 15 Social Structure (10 pts) 1617 Religion Annotation and Questions (15pts) Total: Ancient Mesopotamia and the Sumerians My Effort (1-5) Teacher’s score / 18
