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Introduction to Protists Say Thanks to the Authors Click http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (No sign in required) To access a customizable version of this book, as well as other interactive content, visit www.ck12.org CK-12 Foundation is a non-profit organization with a mission to reduce the cost of textbook materials for the K-12 market both in the U.S. and worldwide. Using an open-content, web-based collaborative model termed the FlexBook®, CK-12 intends to pioneer the generation and distribution of high-quality educational content that will serve both as core text as well as provide an adaptive environment for learning, powered through the FlexBook Platform®. Copyright © 2015 CK-12 Foundation, www.ck12.org The names “CK-12” and “CK12” and associated logos and the terms “FlexBook®” and “FlexBook Platform®” (collectively “CK-12 Marks”) are trademarks and service marks of CK-12 Foundation and are protected by federal, state, and international laws. Any form of reproduction of this book in any format or medium, in whole or in sections must include the referral attribution link http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (placed in a visible location) in addition to the following terms. Except as otherwise noted, all CK-12 Content (including CK-12 Curriculum Material) is made available to Users in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC 3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/3.0/), as amended and updated by Creative Commons from time to time (the “CC License”), which is incorporated herein by this reference. Complete terms can be found at http://www.ck12.org/terms. Printed: January 27, 2015 www.ck12.org C HAPTER Chapter 1. Introduction to Protists 1 Introduction to Protists Lesson Quiz Name___________________ Class______________ Date________ Multiple Choice Circle the letter of the correct choice. 1. Protists are classified as a. b. c. d. prokaryotes. eukaryotes. fungi. b and c. 2. All of the following evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory except: a. b. c. d. mitochondria and chloroplasts have no DNA, just like bacteria have no DNA. mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular DNA similar to bacterial circular DNA. mitochondrial and chloroplasts are bounded by membranes similar to bacterial membranes. reproduction by binary fission is common to bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. 3. According to the endosymbiotic theory, chloroplasts evolved from a. b. c. d. aerobic bacteria engulfed by fungi. a eukaryotic cell that lost its nucleus. cyanobacteria that were engulfed by larger prokaryotes. cyanobacteria that were engulfed by fungi. 4. Protists are best defined as a. b. c. d. unicellular bacteria. multicellular fungi. all organisms that are heterotrophs. simple eukaryotes that are neither plants, animals, nor fungi. 5. Environments where protists live include a. b. c. d. marshes. damp soil. oceans. all of the above. 6. Protists can use which of the following appendages for motility? a. b. c. d. cilia flagella pseudopods all of the above 7. The protist Tetrahymena thermophila uses ________ for motility. a. cilia b. flagella 1 www.ck12.org c. muscles d. centrifugal force 8. Many protists can reproduce by a. b. c. d. asexual reproduction only. sexual reproduction only. asexual or sexual reproduction. none of the above 9. The protist Spirogyra is a. b. c. d. a fungus. a protozoan. an algae. a water mold. 10. One round of binary fission produces ________ from a single haploid cell. a. b. c. d. two diploid cells two haploid cells one diploid cell two haploid cells and two diploid cells 11. In protists, spores are produced a. b. c. d. to help the organism survive in unfavorable environmental conditions. to help the protist switch to being a prokaryote. to engulf amoeba. only in the summer, when days are long. 12. When a diploid zygote completes meiosis, ________ is (are) produced a. b. c. d. two diploid cells two haploid cells four haploid cells one diploid cell True or False Write true if the statement is true or false if the statement is false. _______ 13. Mitochondria likely evolved from aerobic bacteria that were engulfed by a larger prokaryotic cell. _______ 14. Mitochondria, but not chloroplasts, contain DNA. _______ 15. Protists cannot survive in water. _______ 16. A pseudopodia is a long, whip-like extension used by some protists as a reproductive cell. _______ 17. Spirogyra is an animal-like protist. Fill in the Blanks Fill in the blank with the term that best completes the sentence. 18. The fusion of two Spirogyra spores to form a diploid zygote is an example of ____________. 19. Absorptive protists get nutrition by ____________. 20. ____________ protists use light energy, water, and carbon dioxide to make food. 21. ____________ bacteria use oxygen for cellular respiration. 22. Kingdom ____________ contains the protists. 23. Scientists think that the first eukaryotes to evolve were the ____________. 2 www.ck12.org Chapter 1. Introduction to Protists 24. The ____________ theory explains how eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes. 25. Nuclear membranes surround a protist’s ____________. Short Answer Answer each question in the space provided. 26. How does the ability to produce spores benefit Spirogyra? 27. How do ingestive protists obtain nutrients? 3