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ROMANTIC
ERA
1820-1900
W hat’s Happening in the
World?
American Civil War (1861-1865)
Spanish-American War (1898)
Bell invents the telephone (1876)
The Romantic Period
“Romance” is a French word for “novel”
Romanticism valued imagination and
emotion over logic.
Rise in Nationalism- patriotic music, or a
love for one’s country.
TUESDAY
T he Symphony Orchestra Growing
Continued to use forms from the Classical period but they
did develop more.
Beethoven expanded the symphony to 4 movements
instead of 3.
The late Romantic Orchestra had up to 100 musicians.
More instruments=more tone colors.
Listen to this example by a Romantic composer Jean
Sibelius in his piece, Finlandia
CHANGING STATUS OF
MUSICIANS
The beginning of music schools (conservatories).
Music was seen less as an occupation and more as a calling.
Women found more opportunities for musical expression.
Romantic composers preferred songlike melodies – this
became a dominant feature.
Listen to the melody in Rienzi Overture by Richard Wagner
WEDNESDAY
Composers of the Romantic Era
JOHANESS BRAHMS
1833-1897
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German Composer
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Piano major instrument
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Worked as conductor and
pianist
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Greatly admired Beethoven
•
Gained fame from his
composition of The German
Requiem and his orchestral
Variations on a Theme by
Haydn
RICHARD WAGNER
1813-1883
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German
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Wrote first play at age 14
Composed first piece at age 15
•
Among his first successful
compositions are his operas
Rienzi and The Flying
Dutchman
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Changed the face of opera
with the Ring Cycle
PYOTR ILYICH
TCHAIKOVSKY
1840-1893
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•
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Russian composer
Considered one of the most famous
composers of all-time
He first studied law before becoming a
professional composer.
His “1812 Overture” was influenced by the
invasion of Russia by Napoleon.
Composed more than 150 pieces of music.
His major works include:
• Sleeping Beauty
• Swan Lake
• The Nutcracker
• Violin Concerto in D Major
THURSDAY
INSTRUMENTS
Technological advances improved valves and keys on
Brass and Woodwind instruments
First Euphonium made in Bavaria in 1843
Adolphe Sax patents the Saxophone in 1846
A piano in every middle class home – demand for songs
and solo piano pieces
PROGRAM MUSIC
Instrumental music that tells a story or describes a scene
or feeling
Today….
Sleigh ride
Movie soundtracks!!
ANTONIN DVORAK
1841-1904
Czech Republic Composer,
musician, teacher
Played viola and violin
Traveled to America and
studied music of Native
Americans and African-Americans
which inspired some of his music.
Example: New World Symphony