Download 8-4 Asssessment 4. The objects people refer to as shooting stars are

8-4 Asssessment
8-4.1 _______
1. (8-4.1) Which bodies are composed primarily of
rock and metal?
a. asteroids and meteors
b. comets and asteroids
c. comets and stars
d. stars and meteors
2. (8-4.1) The planets close to the sun are…
a. large and gaseous.
b. large and rocky.
c. small and gaseous.
d. small and rocky.
3. (8-4.1) The motion of Earth is responsible for
several celestial events. Which of the following
events is caused by Earth revolving around the
sun?
a. the days in a year
b. the hours in a day
c. the changes in the atmosphere of Earth
d. the position of the constellations in
space
4. The objects people refer to as shooting stars
are often meteors burning up in Earth’s
atmosphere. If a meteor does not burn up
but strikes Earth, it is called ____.
a. An asteroid
b. A meteorite
c. A meteoroid
d. A satellite
5. Name the planets in order starting with the
one closet to the sun.
6. The asteroid belt lies between ____.
a. Mars and Saturn
b. Jupiter and Venus
c. Venus and Mars
d. Mars and Jupiter
7. Complete the chart explaining at least 4
differences between inner and outer planets.
Inner Planets
Outer Planets
8. (8-4.1) Which of the following planets is always
closer to the Sun than it is to Earth?
a. Jupiter
b. Mars
c. Mercury
d. Uranus
9. (8-4.1) Which of the following drawings below
best represents the motion of a planet and its
moon around the Sun? Correct Answer: C
10. (8-4.1)The diagram on the
right is a picture of a _______
a. Asteroid
b. Comet
c. Meteorite
d. Meteoroid
11. (8-4.1) Which statement is true of both
asteroids and meteoroids?
a. They are made of frozen gases and
dust.
b. They are rocky objects that vary widely
in size and orbit the Sun.
c. They are pieces of debris that orbit the
Earth.
d. Most of them are grouped together in a
belt between the Earth and the Moon.
12. (8-4.1) Which of the following planets will have
the colder temperature?
a. Jupiter
b. Mars
c. Mercury
d. Uranus
13. (8-4.1) Which of the following planets will have
the greatest gravitational pull?
a. Jupiter
b. Venus
c. Earth
d. Neptune
8-4.2: _______
Use the diagram to answer #14-15.
8-4.3: ________
20. (8-4.3) The feature of the Earth that protects
the planet from Solar Wind is the atmosphere
and the ___________.
a. Aurora Borealis
b. Magnetic Field
c. O-Zone Layer
d. Rotation
14. (8-4.2) The Sunspot is labeled with the
number…
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
15. (8-4.2) The Corona is labeled with the number…
e. 2
f. 3
g. 4
h. 5
16. (8-4.2) The Sun surface feature responsible for
the light we see on Earth is labeled with
number…
a. 1
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
17. (8-4.2) The photo shows a
bright, looping projection
which extends from the
surface of the sun. Some
of these can last for
several months. This
projection is called the
a. corona.
b. photosphere.
c. solar prominence.
d. solar flares.
18. The outer region of the Sun’s ______ stretches
far into space.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Mantle
Photosphere
Corona
Core
19. _____ are explosions of hot gas that occur when
prominences connect. They shoot from the Sun’s
surface releasing tremendous amounts of energy
into space.
e. corona.
f. photosphere.
g. solar prominence.
h. solar flares.
21. (8-4.3) Sunspots are areas of the sun that
produce a magnetic field 2500 times the
strength of the magnetic field produced by
Earth. When sunspots are at their maximum,
which of these would be MOST affected on
Earth?
a. earth's rotation
b. electronics
c. gravity
d. temperature
22. The ___________ sends out electrically charged
particles, called solar wind.
a. Photosphere
b. Corona
c. Solar Flares
d. Chromosphere
23. They are near the poles and can form when
charged particles cause gases in the
atmosphere to glow.
a. Solar Flares
b. Solar Wind
c. Auroras
d. Magnetic Storms
24. _____________ often disrupt radio, telephone,
and television signals.
a. Solar Flares
b. Solar Wind
c. Auroras
d. Magnetic Storms
8-4.4: ______
25. (8-4.4) Which statement best explains the cause
of the phases of the moon?
a. The sun hides part of the surface of the
moon.
b. The sun, the moon, and Earth are in a
straight line in space.
c. Only part of the illuminated moon is
visible from Earth.
d. Only the light from the back side of the
sun is reflected by the moon.
28. (8-4.4) Which of the following pictures shows
the appearance of the Moon when a lunar
eclipse occurs? Correct Answer: C
Use the diagram to answer #23.
Use the diagram to answer #20-21.
29. (8-4.4) Which location of the moon relative to
the sun and earth may produce a solar eclipse?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
The diagram below shows a polar projection of Earth
and four positions of the Moon.
26. (8-4.4) As seen from Earth, at which
position would the moon appear to be
a Gibbous?
a. Position A
b. Position B
c. Position D
d. Position E
27. Use the diagram to name and illustrate the
moon phases. Make sure you label them as
well (A-H).
30.
(8-4.4) The higher high tides
and lower low tides are called spring tides.
Which positions of the Moon produce spring
tides in Earth’s oceans?
a.
b.
c.
d.
1 and 2
1 and 3
2 and 4
3 and 4
31. Give the alignment for the solar and lunar
eclipse and tell what moon phase each eclipse
deals with.
32. Complete the following chart.
Rotation
Earth
8-4.5: _________
Revolution
Moon
33. Complete the following chart.
Moon Phase
Spring Tides
Moon Phase
Neap Tides
34. (8-4.4) The Sun rises in the _____________ and
sets in the _______________.
a. West, east
b. East, west
c. North, south
d. South north
35. (8-4.4) The Earth rotates counterclockwise from
__________ to ___________.
a. West, east
b. East, west
c. North, south
d. South north
36. When the Sun and the Moon are aligned the
high tides are higher and the low tides are
lower; these are called __________ tides.
When the Sun and the Moon are at right angles
to each other, the high and low tides, there is
the least difference in the tidal range at the
shore; these tides are called ________ tides.
a. Low, high
b. Neap, spring
c. Spring, neap
d. High, low
37. (8-4.4) A student observed the Moon on a
Tuesday. She drew a picture of its shape in her
journal, as shown below. Approximately how
long will the student have to wait before she
can see the Moon with this same shape and
position again?
a. 7 days
b. 14 days
c. 28 days
d. 365 days
38. (8-4.4) Planets ________________ on their axis
and ___________________ around the Sun.
a. Revolve, Orbit
b. Revolve, Rotate
c. Rotate, Revolve
d. Spin, Rotate
39. (8-4.5) Dave read that on January 1, Earth is
slightly closer to the sun than on July 1. Why,
then, is it colder in Illinois in January than in
July?
a. The greenhouse effect is stronger in the
Northern Hemisphere in July.
b. The moon pulls the heat away from
Earth in January.
c. The Northern Hemisphere is tilted
away from the sun in January.
d. The snow on the ground lowers the air
temperature in January.
Position C
Position B
Position D
Position A
40. (8-4.5) The Fall Equinox is represented by…
a. Position A
b. Position B
c. Position C
d. Position D
41. (8-4.5) The Position of the Earth when the days
are the shortest is…
a. Position A
b. Position B
c. Position C
d. Position D
42. Summer occurs on the hemisphere of Earth that
is ___.
a. Turned away from the Sun
b. Tilted toward the Sun
c. Titled away from the sun
d. Turned toward the sun
43. What is the difference between solstice and
equinox?
44. What seasons go along with solstice and
equinox?
8-4.6: ________
8-4.7: _________
45. The size of the gravitational force between two
objects depends on their ____.
a. Frictional forces
b. Inertia
c. Speed and direction
d. Masses and the distance between
them
46. Which object has greater gravitational effect on
Earth’s tides?
a. The moon
b. The sun
c. Venus
d. The space station
47. What kind of force has the most influence in
causing iron and nickel to form the core of
Earth?
a. Friction
b. Volume
c. Gravity
d. Inertia
48. The more massive the object, the stronger the
gravitational force. Where would an elephant
experience the greatest gravitational force?
a. On Earth
b. On Jupiter
c. On the Sun
d. On the Moon
51. (8-4.7) The Sun’s gravity and a planet’s inertia
a. Allows the planets to continually
rotate
b. Creates the high and low tides
c. Forces the planets to move in an ellipse
d. Propels meteoroids in the solar system
52. The gravitational pull of the Moon has a greater
effect than the gravitational pull of the Sun on
Earth’s tides. This is because ________.
a. The sun is closer to Earth
b. The Moon is closer to Earth
c. The Sun is larger than the Moon
d. Earth is larger than the Moon
53. (8-4.7) Besides the sun’s gravitational
attraction, what else keeps the planets in
motion.
a. Gravity
b. Force
c. Inertia
d. Mass
54. (8-4.7) When the Earth, Sun, and Moon are
perpendicular…
a. A lunar eclipse occurs
b. A neap tide occurs
c. A spring tide occurs
d. A solar eclipse occurs
49. A planet is discovered that is the same size as
Earth, but the planet has twice the mass of
Earth. How would that affect the gravitational
pull that planet would have on you?
a. It would be the same
b. It would be less
c. It would be more
d. It would be half
55. (8-4.7) During a Spring Tide, the high tides are
__________ and the low tides are
__________.
a. Higher, Higher
b. Higher, Lower
c. Lower, Higher
d. Lower, Lower
50. The force that keeps the planets in an elliptical
orbit around the Sun is the ____.
a. Balanced force between each planet
b. Elliptical orbit of each planet
c. Gravitational pull of the Sun
d. Magnetic attraction between the
planets
56. (8-4.7) Which phenomena occur as a result of
the gravitational attraction between the moon
and Earth?
a. eclipses
b. ocean tides
c. phases of the moon
d. seasonal changes
8-4.8: _______
57. If an astronaut could land on Jupiter, her _____
would increase.
a. Mass
b. Speed
c. Weight
d. Matter
58. Which has the greatest mass?
a. Pillow
b. Orange
c. Beach ball
d. Bowling ball
59. The mass of an object is the measure of how
much _____ it contains.
a. Force
b. Matter
c. Gravity
d. Motion
60. When you stand on a scale, the scale is
measuring _____.
a. The amount of matter in your body
b. Your mass compared to Earth’s mass
c. The force of attraction between you
and Earth
d. Whether the forces between your body
and Earth are balanced
61. Kyle has a mass of 54 kg. If he were on a
spaceship traveling far out into space, how
much would his mass be?
a. 54 kg
b. 5.4 g
c. 0.54 kg
d. 0 kg
62. An object’s weight depends on the force of
gravity acting on the object. The stronger the
gravitational force, the more an object will
weigh. Where on Earth would you weigh the
least?
a. At Death Valley below sea level
b. On a ship on the ocean
c. At the beach
d. On a very high mountain
8-4.9: _________
63. (8-4.9) A light year is classified as a…
a. The distance at which light is no longer
seen
b. The distance light travels in one Earth
year
c. The time it takes the Sun’s light to reach
Earth
d. The time it takes light to travel to
another star
64. (8-4.9) The classification of the
galaxy in the picture is a…
a. Elliptical Galaxy
b. Irregular Galaxy
c. Spherical Galaxy
d. Spiral Galaxy
65. (8-4.1/4.9) Which of the following correctly lists
the structures in space from smallest to largest?
a. star, galaxy, solar system, universe
b. star, solar system, galaxy, universe
c. star, solar system, universe, galaxy
d. star, universe, solar system, galaxy
66. (8-4.9) The classification of the galaxy in the
picture is a…
e. Elliptical Galaxy
f. Irregular Galaxy
g. Spherical Galaxy
h. Spiral Galaxy
67. In which galaxy do we live?
a. Great Spiral galaxy
b. Andromeda galaxy
c. Milky Way Galaxy
d. Local Group galaxy
68. Galaxies are different from solar systems
because they are made up of _____.
a. Billions of stars
b. Billions of planets
c. Gas giant planets
d. Mostly gas clouds
69. A galaxy is a collection of stars, gas, and ____.
a. Dust
b. Ice
c. Liquid eater
d. Wind currents
8-4.10: ______
70. (8-4.10) __________________ collect the light
from distant stars and separate that light into
bands of different colors. This allows
astronomers identify the elements in a star and
analyze how they are moving.
a. Optical telescopes
b. Space probes
c. Spectroscopes
d. Visible light telescopes
71. (8-4.10) The surface of Mars, the atmosphere of
Jupiter, water spewing from the rings of Saturn,
photographs of many of the other eight planets
in the solar system: all valuable information
collected by…
a. manned space craft.
b. satellite imaging.
c. space probes.
d. X-ray telescopes.
72. _________________ are placed in orbit
around Earth with special instruments and
telescopes that collect information from
space which is sent back to Earth where it is
interpreted.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Optical telescopes
Space probes
Spectroscopes
Satellite
73. ____________ receive radio waves emitted
from objects in space, including waves from
very distant stars and galaxies; it can receive
information in any weather and during day or
night.
i.
j.
k.
l.
Optical telescopes
Space probes
Spectroscopes
Radio telescope
74. Refracting and reflecting _______________
collect visible light, then use convex lenses or
mirrors to focus the light producing larger,
brighter images of distant objects in space.
m.
n.
o.
p.
Optical telescopes
Space probes
Spectroscopes
Radio telescope