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Transcript
FRACTIONS
MULTIPLYING
ADDING & SUBTRACTING
Before you can add or subtract fractions with different denominators, you must first find equivalent fractions with the same
denominator, like this:
1. Find the smallest multiple (LCM) of both numbers.
2. Rewrite the fractions as equivalent fractions with the LCM as the denominator.
When working with fractions, the LCM is called the least common denominator (LCD).
Find the least common denominator; divide the numerator and denominator by their greatest common factor.
Method 1:
Write the multiples of both denominators until you find a common multiple.
The first method is to simply start writing all the multiples of both denominators, beginning with the numbers themselves. Here's an
example of this method. Multiples of 4 are 4, 8, 12, 16, and so forth (because 1 × 4=4, 2 × 4=8, 3 × 4=12, 4 × 4=16, etc.). The multiples of 6
are 6, 12,…--that's the number we're looking for, 12, because it's the first one that appears in both lists of multiples. It's the least common
multiple, which we'll use as our least common denominator.
What number do you have to mulitply 4 by to get 12? 3
What number do you have to mulitply 6 by to get 12? 2
The answer is:
11
12
MULTIPLYING
1.
2.
3.
Simplify the fractions if not in lowest terms.
Multiply the numerators of the fractions to get the new
numerator.
Multiply the denominators of the fractions to get the new
denominator.
3x
x2
9
12
2
12
11
12
FRACTIONS
DIVIDING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Find the reciprocal of the fraction.
Multiply the number by the reciprocal of the fraction.
Simplify the resulting fraction if possible.
Check your answer: Multiply the result you got by the divisor and be sure it equals the original dividend.
Note that you can only divide by non-zero fractions.
ADDING AND SUBTRACTING MIXED NUMBERS
The steps are the same whether you're adding or subtracting mixed numbers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Find the Least Common Denominator (LCD)
Find the equivalent fractions.
Add or subtract the fractions and add or subtract the whole numbers.
Write your answer in lowest terms.
25
3 X 8 = 24 + 1= 8