Download Facts about Uncle Tom`s Cabin

 Facts about Uncle Tom’s Cabin
 The book sold hundreds of thousands of copies.
 Many southern writers wrote pro-slavery books in
response to it.
 It made many northerners hate slavery.
Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the
Lowly is an anti-slavery novel by American
author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in
1852, the novel had a profound effect on
attitudes toward African Americans and
slavery in the United States, so much in the
latter case that the novel intensified the
sectional conflict leading to the American
Civil War
 The following American Authors wrote Anti-Slavery
works:
 Harriet Beecher Stowe
 Henry David Thoreau
 Ralph Waldo Emerson
 The veteran leader of the Whigs was Daniel Webster.
 When citizens of Vermont presented a petition
opposing slavery in 1837, southern members of
Congress drafted a so-called gag rule prohibiting any
documents relating to the abolition of slavery from
even being discussed in Congress.
 The Freeport Doctrine, an argument holding that
people of a territory could keep out slavery by passing
local laws making it impossible for slavery to work, was
developed by Stephen Douglas.
 The elder statesman who advocated compromise
between northern and southern interests was Henry
Clay.
 The Supreme Court ruled that no African American,
whether slave or free, could ever enjoy the rights of a
U.S. citizen in the Dred Scott case.
 Facts about Dred Scott
 The Missouri Compromise had violated the Fifth
Amendment to the Constitution.
 No African American could ever be a U.S. citizen.
 Scott was not a citizen and therefore could not bring suit
in U.S. courts.
 The presidential election of 1852 was won by Franklin
Pierce
 In 1856 James Buchanan was elected president of the
United States on the Democratic ticket.
 The 1856 presidential candidate for the Republican
Party was John C. Frémont.
 The veteran leader of the Whigs was Daniel Webster.
 Debate concerning the Kansas-Nebraska Act in
Congress became so intense that an antislavery
congress member was beaten with a cane
 The political party formed by antislavery settlers in
Kansas was the Free State Party.
 The town of Lawrence, Kansas, was the headquarters
of the Free State Party.
 Kansas’s Lecompton Constitution was controversial
because it was drafted and passed by pro-slavery
delegates only.
 The event that sparked the use of the term “Bleeding
Kansas” was the Pottawatomie Massacre.
 The policy of popular sovereignty was not upheld by
the Lecompton Constitution because it did not allow
voters in Kansas the right to completely outlaw slavery.
 The group of southerners who held extreme pro-
slavery views and supported the breakup of the Union
and the formation of a southern confederacy were
called fire-eaters.
 Besides abolitionist reasons, another reason that some
people opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act was because
they thought that employers would choose to use
slaves instead of wage-earning white workers.
 Withdrawal from the Union was called secession.
 It was important for the North to keep control of Fort
Sumter because losing it would be a sign that Lincoln
would not protect federal property in the seceded
states.
 President Lincoln’s call for troops after the fall of Fort
Sumter resulted in four more southern states seceding.
 The Union troops that were dispatched to fight in the
First Battle of Bull Run were barely trained.
 President Lincoln was disappointed with General
McClellan because McClellan was often reluctant to
attack the Confederate armies.
 Facts about The Battle of Shiloh
 Ulysses S. Grant led the Union forces
 Both sides suffered great losses
 The Union army won the battle.
 The largest city in the South during the Civil War was
New Orleans.
 Draft exemptions for wealthy plantation owners who
were slaveholders put the major burden for fighting
the war for the Confederacy on poor farmers and
working people.
 The significance of the South’s loss at the Battle of
Antietam was that it cost the South any hope for
support from a European country.
 After the Battle of Antetam, the Union forces were
placed under the command of Ambrose E. Burnside.
 Union troops lost the Battle of Fredricksburg because
they were ordered to cross an open field.
 General Stonewall Jackson was injured and later died
from injuries received at the Battle of Chancellorsville
when he was mistaken for a Union soldier and shot by
his own men.
 In July 1863, Union victories at Vicksburg and Port
Hudson were significant because they gave the Union
total control of the Mississippi River, thereby cutting
off Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas from the rest of the
Confederacy.
 By continuing to fight until the South ran out of men,
supplies, and will, General Grant waged a war of
attrition.
 The Union’s plan for blocking all ports in the South
was called the Anaconda Plan.
 The worst conditions of the Civil War were found in
the prisoner-of-war camps in both the North and the
South.
 Reconstruction referred to rebuilding the South and
reuniting the nation.
 Facts about the South after the Civil war:
 Thousand of people were jobless
 The economy was in shambles
 Countless buildings lay in ruins
 President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John
Wilkes Booth.
 Facts about Andrew Johnson:
 He was a Democrat
 He was once a slaveholder
 He held pro-Union sympathies
 Former Confederates called scalawags, were southern
whites who had supported the Union cause and now
were in favor of Reconstruction.
 The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery.
 A former slave who became an abolitionist and adviser
to President Andrew Johnson on race relations was
Frederick Douglass.
 The first Civil Rights Act in the history of the United
States was the Civil Rights Act of 1866.
 Land Reform during Reconstruction:
 Some freed people believed they would receive forty
acres and a mule
 Some people took advantage of African Americans’
desire for land after the war
 Freed people received land from the federal government
after the war
 Facts about the Reconstruction Acts of 1867:
 The former Confederacy was divided into five military
districts
 States were required to ratify the Fourteenth
Amendment
 African Americans were to be able to vote for and serve
as delegates to state constitutional conventions.
 African American Involvement in Reconstruction:
 African American delegates outnumbered white
delegates in Louisiana and South Carolina
 African American delegates composed from 10 to 40
percent of the delegates in other states
 Most of the African American delegates were
southerners; however, northerners also participated.
 The Black Codes were written to limit the freedom of
former slaves
 African Americans first won the right to vote in the
District of Columbia
 The Civil Rights Act of 1875 prohibited businesses that
served the public from discriminating against African
Americans
 In the 1876 presidential election, Republican
Rutherford B. Hayes ran against Democratic candidate
Samuel J. Tilden