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Baroque Era Vivaldi • Antonio Vivaldi (1678 – 1741) – Italian composer • Learned violin from a young age through his father. • Premiered eight operas in Venice and Florence collectively. • Most famous piece - Four seasons – Depicting the four seasons in a year http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRxofEmo3HA Each “season” has three parts, fast-slow-fast. The seasons each have their different textures used to depict the different seasons. The Organ • A Organ produces sound by moving wind through pipes to produce sounds. • One of the oldest instruments still used in European classical music. In the baroque period the tonal l colours of the organ became more varied. In the baroque era the organs were considered in a ‘golden age’ – Artistic • • • • • Throughout Europe it became a large instrument with many divisions, double ranks and mounted cornets (Netherlands) France were made to play alternatim verses, England taken out of churches and put into private homes because of the English Reformation JS Bach – Organ Toccata http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTVraVgzC9U Oratorio • Is a large composition for orchestra, choir and soloists (Opera) • Handel composed a famous Oratorio called ‘ Messiah ‘ – This was a huge scale Oratorio, it was sacred and contained many scriptural texts from the bible. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Handel_Messiah_Hallelujah_by_Oratorio _Chorus.ogg Cantata • A vocal composition with a instrumental accompaniment. • It originally started out as a madrigal to a multi-voice Cantata it was in the Baroque era then finally developed into dramatic forms of music in the romantic era • They were highly demanded by the Lutheran Church, because the fact that Cantata’s can be very sacred. • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bach,_BWV_147,_10._Jesus_bleibet_me ine_Freude.ogg Sonata de Camera – Translates to Chamber Sonata • an instrumental work of the Baroque period • scored for one or more melody instruments and continuo • in three or more stylized dance movements – – – – – Allemnda Corrente Sarabanda Giga Gavotta • Sometimes with a prelude movement • Corelli's opp.2 and 4 (1685 and 1692) contain typical examples http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v1Oinx_0Syg