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Ch 10: The Worlds of Christendom
REVIEW
Questions are NOT on the ch 10 quiz
1. In comparison to Byzantium, Latin
Christendom before 1000 CE was
A)
B)
C)
D)
an expanding empire
theocratic state
a localized society
unified state
2. Which of the following features of
the Byzantine Empire did the new
civilization of Kievan Rus adopt?
A) the customs and dress of Germanic peoples
B) the political ideals of imperial control of the
church
C) the concept of a good life as one of no desire
and no action
D) the commitment to economic equality and
social justice
3. Which of the following is an example
of the Byzantine’s Empires influence on
Eurasia?
A) acceptance of Latin as the international
language of diplomacy
B) transmission of ancient Greek learning to
western Europe and the Islamic world
C) control of the trade routes along the silk roads
and across the Sahara
D) spread of eastern orthodox Christianity to North
Africa and central Asia
4. Which of the following was evidence
of the expansion and growth of
European civilization during the high
middle ages?
A) there was a considerable increase in longdistance trade
B) the Holy Roman Empire was the undisputed
religious center of Christendom
C) most of North Africa converted to Christianity
D) The Pope emerged as an all powerful political
ruler of western Europe
5. In the eleventh century, the religious
culture of the Byzantine Empire had a
significant impact on
A) the rulers of the Axum state in Ethiopia
B) the Nestorian church in China
C) the Roman Catholic Church in western Europe
D) Slavic speaking peoples in the Balkans and
Russia
6. Which of the following describes the
relationship between politics and
religious in Western Europe from 500 to
1300?
A) rulers were appointed by the pope of the
Catholic Church
B) rulers provided protection for the church in
return for religious legitimacy
C) the ruler was the head of both the state and the
church
D) the Pope was the head of both the state and the
church
SHORT ANSWER
In what ways did the multiplecompeting states in western Europe
shape European civilization?
-the multicenter political system gave rise to
frequent wars
-ruler’s political authority was weak
-it enhanced the role and status of military men
-it drove the so-called gunpowder revolution
-it stimulated technological development
What differences separated the Roman
Catholic and Orthodox churches?
-Key difference: the Roman Catholic church maintained some
degree of independence from political authorities, while in
Byzantium the emperor assumed something of the role of
both “Caesar” as head of state, and the pope, as head of the
church (caesaropapism)
-Language: Greek in Eastern Orthodox Church, Latin in Roman
Catholic
-Disagreed on number of doctrinal issues: nature of the Trinity,
relative importance of faith and reason, use of icons
-Priests in Byzantium allowed beards to grow long and were
permitted to marry, and priests in the West shaved, and were
supposed to remain celibate
What factors enabled Christian
communities in Africa and Asia to survive
in the face of Islamic expansion?
-Most Muslim rulers allowed Christians to continue to
practice their religion as long as they paid a special tax
-Persistent pockets of Christianity in the Arab empire
-Coptic Christianity(Egypt) continued under tolerant Muslim
rulers until the Crusades and the Mongol threat made the
Muslim state regard Christian as politically suspect
-Geography protected Christians in Ethiopia
-The Nestorian church in China was not affected by the
spread of Islam
What was the long-term impact of the
Crusades on Western Europe?
Part I:
-the Crusades marked an expansion of the influence
of western Christendom at the same time that
eastern Christendom and Byzantium were declining
-the Crusades stimulated the demand for Asian
luxury goods in Europe
-they allowed western Europeans to learn
techniques for producing sugar on large plantations
using slave labor – which will later be transported to
the Americas
What was the long-term impact of the
Crusades on Western Europe?
Part II:
-Muslim scholarship – together with Greek
learning – flowed into Europe
-the Crusades hardened the cultural barriers
between Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman
Catholicism, Christian anti-Semitism was
enhanced
-European empire building, continued the notion
that “God wills it”