Download Functions of the Skeletal System

What’s on Friday’s Quiz?
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Skeletal System Functions. (PEPPS)
Specialized Cells: give an example of one and it’s function.
How does this system help maintain homeostasis.
Major Bones (be able to label the skeleton)
Label the parts of a bone.
Match the bone parts with it’s description.
On your white board write out:
What does the skeletal system do anyway?
(write out an explanation answering this
question based on your assignment of
researching WHY/HOW the skeletal system helps
maintain homeostasis.)
Functions of the Digestive System: BAE
•Break down food into molecules the
body can use.
•Mechanical digestion: foods are physically
broken down into smaller pieces
•Chemical digestion: chemicals (enzymes)
produced by the body, break foods into
smaller chemical building blocks
•Absorb the food molecules into the
blood.
•Eliminate solid wastes from the body.
Tissue: Villi
Villi
•Function:
•Covered in epithelial cells, the villi
increase the surface area of the small
intestine to allow for maximum
absorption of nutrients from the food.
Goblet Cells
Goblet Cells
Function:
•Located throughout the digestive system,
these cells produce the mucus that
protects the epithelial cells from being
eroded by the digestive enzymes.
Gastric Cells
Gastric Cells
•Function:
•Located in the lining of the stomach, these
cells create and release HCl (hydrochloric
acid).
•They also produce the enzyme
responsible for protein digestion.
Homeostasis in the Digestive System:
• An example of how the digestive system helps the body maintain
homeostasis is by absorbing water from our food in the large intestines.
• One function of this system is to absorb nutrients from our
food. One of those nutrients is water. Water is absorbed in the
large intestine. Throughout the digestive process, liquid is
being added to our food to help with chemical digestion.
Example of these liquids are saliva, HCl, and bile. If the excess
water from the digested food was not reabsorbed in the large
intestine, we would have severe problems with dehydration.
Prolonged dehydration could lead to death.
Open your textbook to page 518.
Using page 33b in your ISN read the section titled: Mouth and
Esophagus, then write out what you learned on page 33b.
1. Mouth – 5-30sec
 The teeth and tongue carryout mechanical
digestion. Saliva helps by making the food soft.
 Chemical digestion also takes place as the enzymes
in the saliva breakdown starch into sugar. Amylase
breaks down starch in the mouth
2. Esophagus – 10sec
 A smooth muscle tube that is lined with mucus.
 The contractions of muscle pushing the food
toward the stomach is called Peristalsis.
3. Stomach – 3hrs
 Most Mechanical – Three strong layers of smooth
muscle contract to churn the food. Mixing furthers the
digestion process.
 Some Chemical –Hydrochloric acid (HCl) in your
stomach, triggers enzymes for proteins to work.
4. Accessory Organs (NO FOOD IN HERE)
 The liver produces bile, a substance that breaks up fat
particles.
 The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile.
 The pancreas produces enzymes that help break down
starches, proteins, and fats.
5. Small Intestine 3-4hrs
 most chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients.
 Fat digestion
 Liver and Pancreas dump in digestive juices.
 Lined with villi that increase the surface area for the absorption of
nutrients from your food.
6. Large Intestine
 Contains bacteria that feed on materials as they pass through. Many
of them make vitamins like vitamin K.
 Water is absorbed from the digested food materials into the
bloodstream.
7. The rectum, is where wastes are compressed into solid form.