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NAME:_______________ American History/Mr. Jordan Unit 11: The Early Cold War DIRECTIONS: Use your CH. 38-40 in your textbook (pgs. 489-525) or go to learntci.com to complete CH. 38: ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1. What does the picture of the troops show? The first time that American and Soviet troops met 2. What does the red star, hammer and sickle represent on the USSR’s flag? RED STAR: COMMUNIST PARTY HAMMER: INDSTRIAL WORKERS SICKLE: AGRICULTURAL WORKERS SECTION 2: FORMING AN UNEASY PEACE 3. What were some of the issues/concerns between the US and the USSR following WWII? Division of occupied Germany US wanted to support capitalism, democracy and free elections USSR wanted to support communism and denounced capitalist ideas USSR wanted to make Poland part of its sphere of influence 4. What were some of the hardships facing the USSR following the War? 20 million deaths and 7 million soldiers Stalingrad and Kiev were destroyed US cut off aid to USSR due to Stalin not following through with his promises SECTION 3: ADJUSTING TO A POSTWAR WORLD 5. What did the US policy of “Containment” do? Restricted Soviet expansion Supported Democratic ideals 6. Why was the UN Atomic Energy Commission’s proposal unfair to the USSR? Baruch Plan: Allowed for the US to maintain its nuclear weapons while prohibiting the USSR and any other nations from building them SECTION 4: CONFRONTING THE COMMUNIST THREAT 7. Who coined the term “Iron Curtain?” British Prime Minister Winston Churchill: “From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.” 1 NAME:_______________ American History/Mr. Jordan Unit 11: The Early Cold War DIRECTIONS: Use your CH. 38-40 in your textbook (pgs. 489-525) or go to learntci.com to complete 8. What was the purpose of the “Truman Doctrine?” Truman used the policy of “Containment” to support any nation resisting communism The overall aim was to prevent the USSR from world domination and keeping a power balance First used to protect Greece and Turkey from communist takeovers SECTION 5: REBUILDING EUROPEAN ECONOMIES 9. Using the Marshall Plan chart, fill in the following: US $ SPENT: $ 13 BILLION # EUROPEAN NATIONS: 16 10. Fill in the top 5 nations in terms of how much they received from the Marshall Plan: RANK 1 2 3 4 5 NATION UK FRANCE ITALY WEST GERMANY NETHERLANDS US $ RECEIVED $3.2 BILLION $2.7 BILLION $1.5 BILLION $1.3 BILLION $1.1 BILLION CH. 39: THE COLD WAR EXPANDS SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 13. What does “espionage” mean? Spying 14. What happened during the “U-2 Incident?” US sent the U-2 spy plane to monitor USSR military installations and it was shot down leading to tension between the two nations SECTION 2: EUROPE FEELS THE HEAT OF THE COLD WAR 15. What happened to occupied Germany in March of 1948 that anger the USSR? Berlin Blockade: Halted all land travel to Allied occupied Berlin Blockade was caused by the uniting of US, UK and French occupied states into a “West German State” using a common currency called the “Deutschemark” USSR thought this would force the Allies to leave Berlin and Germany Berlin Airlift: Almost a year of 270,000 flights dropping 2.5 million tons of supplies USSR ended blockade and allowed for a West German state to be created 2 NAME:_______________ American History/Mr. Jordan Unit 11: The Early Cold War DIRECTIONS: Use your CH. 38-40 in your textbook (pgs. 489-525) or go to learntci.com to complete 16. What was the Soviet response to the formation of NATO? NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization): US and Allies military alliance ORIGINAL MEMBERS: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the UK, the US Warsaw Pact: USSR and satellites military alliance ORIGINAL MEMBERS: Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, USSR The US did not support the Hungarian revolt in 1956 against their Soviet-backed communist regime due to the fact that they did not want to create a NATO v. Warsaw Pact conflict leading to war SECTION 3: CHOOSING SIDES: THE COLD WAR TURNS HOT IN ASIA 17. How did Mao Zedong and the Communists take over China? Mao won a decades long civil war over the US supported Nationalist government forcing them to flee to Taiwan by growing support from the peasants 18. What was the outcome of the Korean War? Liberated from Japan and divided along the 38th parallel USSR occupied the North and supported communism UN occupied the South and supported democracy and capitalism USSR/China supported North Korean leader Kim Il-Sung’s invasion of the South US lifted economic restrictions on Japan to create an ally against communist China in the Pacific UN forces recovered and pushed the North Koreans to the Chinese border Over 300,000 Chinese troops met UN forces causing them to retreat The “UN Police Action” led to an armistice declared at the original border along the 38th parallel and still stands today SECTION 4: FIGHTING THE COLD WAR IN OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD 19. How did the United States Information Agency use propaganda? Radio broadcasts, books, films, news articles Denounced communism while praising capitalism and democratic ideals Sent radio broadcasts into USSR and satellite nations in local languages 3 NAME:_______________ American History/Mr. Jordan Unit 11: The Early Cold War DIRECTIONS: Use your CH. 38-40 in your textbook (pgs. 489-525) or go to learntci.com to complete 20. What is an example of a covert action taken by the US? USSR: U-2 Spy Plane Incident IRAN: Overthrew Iranian leader who nationalized the once private Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (BP) reinstating a monarchy under the “Shah” Guatemala: US helped overthrow a democratically elected leader who was going to take United Fruit Company (Chiquita Bananas) land and redistribute to landless peasants SECTION 5: AN ARMS RACE THREATENS GLOBAL DESTRUCTION 21. How does the “H-Bomb” differ from the “A-Bomb?” The “Hydrogen Bomb” fused atoms together instead of splitting them making it even more powerful and causing even greater damage than the atomic bomb 22. What were some examples of new technology from the “Nuclear Arms Race?” H-Bomb Nuclear Missles Nuclear Powered Submarines SECTION 6: CURRENT CONNECTIONS: LOOKING AT M.A.D. TODAY 23. Who are two examples of “rogue states” that pose as nuclear threats? North Korea Iran 24. Using the chart, fill in which countries have the most nuclear warheads/bombs and about how many in 2002: RANK 1 2 3 4 5 NATION USA RUSSIA CHINA UK FRANCE # OF WARHEADS/BOMBS 10,000 + 8,000 + >2,000 >2,000 >2,000 CH.40: FIGHTING THE COLD WAR AT HOME SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 25. How were “Dog Tags” used for ordinary Americans during the Cold War? 4 NAME:_______________ American History/Mr. Jordan Unit 11: The Early Cold War DIRECTIONS: Use your CH. 38-40 in your textbook (pgs. 489-525) or go to learntci.com to complete Children were given dog tags in case of a nuclear attack their bodies could be identified SECTION 2: SEARCHING FOR THE COMMUNISTS ON THE HOME FRONT 26. According to “100 Things You Should Know About Communism in the U.S.A.”: What is communism?: “A system by which one small group seeks to rule the world.” What do communists want?: “To rule your mind and your body from cradle to grave. ” Where can a communist be found?: “Look for him in your school, your labor union, your church, or your civic club.” 27. Who were some of the victims of the 2nd Red Scare during the Cold War? Communists, Communist sympathizers, Actors, Directors, Alger Hiss, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, Hollywood 10 28. Who was Joseph McCarthy and what was “McCarthyism?” Wisconsin Senator who led a “Crusade Against Communism” He accused members of the military, State Department and others of being communists McCarthyism: practice of publicly accusing people of subversive activities without evidence to back up the charges SECTION 3: LIVING WITH NUCLEAR ANXIETY 29. How did the Federal Civil Defense Agency prepare Americans for a nuclear war? Worked to inform citizens with the help of the military and emergency services how to prepare for war or any disastrous situation “Operation Alert” prepared cities and towns for evacuation procedures Used advertisements, propaganda, film strips, posters, informative brochures, etc. 30. What measures did average Americans take to protect themselves during the Cold War? Public and private bomb/fallout shelters Operation Alert to evacuate cities Dog tags to ID children 5 NAME:_______________ American History/Mr. Jordan Unit 11: The Early Cold War DIRECTIONS: Use your CH. 38-40 in your textbook (pgs. 489-525) or go to learntci.com to complete “Duck and Cover” training in schools “Iron Curtain” CH. 38/Section 4 (pg. 497) DIRECTIONS: Recreate the map by coloring and showing using a key: Communist Nations Noncommunist Nations “Iron Curtain” West Germany East Germany Berlin “A Divided Europe, 1955” CH. 39/Section 2 (pg.505) DIRECTIONS: Recreate the map by coloring and showing using a key: NATO Members Warsaw Pact Members Nonmembers USSR UK Poland West Germany 6 East Germany Yugoslavia NAME:_______________ American History/Mr. Jordan Unit 11: The Early Cold War DIRECTIONS: Use your CH. 38-40 in your textbook (pgs. 489-525) or go to learntci.com to complete “The Korean War, 1950-1953” CH. 39/Section 3 (pg. 509) DIRECTIONS: Recreate the map by coloring and showing using a key: China USSR North Korea South Korea Pyongyang Inchon Seoul 38th parallel DMZ “Cold War Hot Spots, 1944-1965”CH. 39/Section 4 (pgs. 512-513) DIRECTIONS: Recreate the following by coloring and showing using a key: 7 NAME:_______________ American History/Mr. Jordan Unit 11: The Early Cold War DIRECTIONS: Use your CH. 38-40 in your textbook (pgs. 489-525) or go to learntci.com to complete 1st World Nations 2nd World Nations # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 LOCATION 3rd World Nations Areas of Conflict CONFLICT 8 TIMELINE