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8 Parts of Speech REVIEW
NOUNS
• Noun: Person, place, thing, or idea
– Common nouns: name any one of a
group
• Examples:
– Proper nouns: a particular
• Examples:
– Concrete nouns: can be perceived
through senses
• Examples:
NOUNS
(more types of nouns…)
– Abstract nouns: idea, feeling, quality,
character
• Examples:
– Compound nouns: two or more words
used to form a single noun
• Examples:
– Collective nouns: names a group
• Examples:
PRONOUNS
• Pronoun: used in place of one or more
nouns (he, she, it, their)
– Personal pronouns: refers to one speaking,
spoken to, spoken about
1st: I, me, mine, we, us, ours
2nd: you, your, yours
3rd: he/him/his, she/her/hers, it/its,
they, them, their(s)
PRONOUNS
• Reflexive: refers to the subject and
complements
– Sophie treated herself to ice cream.
• Intensive: emphasizes with no real
grammatical function
– Albert himself organized the fundraiser.
1st: myself, ourself
2nd:yourself, yourselves
3rd: himself, herself, itself, themselves
PRONOUNS
• Demonstrative pronoun: used to point out a
specific noun
– Example:
– The brownies I made taste better than those.
• Interrogative pronoun: introduces a
question
– Examples:
– Which of these songs are your favorite?
• Relative pronoun: introduces a subordinate
clause
– Examples:
– John is my friend who is training for a marathon.
PRONOUNS
•Indefinite Pronouns: refers to one or
more people, places, or things
All
Another
Anybody
Anything
Both
Such
Something
Each
No one
Nothing
One
Other
Several
Some
Somebody
Each
Either
Everyone
Everything
Everybody
Few
Many
Most
More
Much
Neither
None
ADJECTIVES
• Adjective : word used to modify a
noun or pronoun; tells “what kind,”
“which one,” and “how many”
– weather report
– spring sale
– brown hair
– Sixteen students
ADJECTIVES
• Demonstrative Adjectives: when this,
that, these, those modify
nouns/pronouns
- when this, that, these, those take place
of nouns they are called demonstrative
pronouns
• Ex. Dem.Ad.: Let’s take these sandwiches
and those apples on our picnic.
• Ex. Dem.Pro.: This is mine and that is his.
ADJECTIVES
• MOST frequently used adjectives:
articles
!
http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/grammar/adjective/quiz219.html
VERB
• Verb: word used to express action or
state of being
– Examples:
VERB
•Action verb: expresses either physical or
mental action
–Examples:
•Linking verbs: connect subject to a word
that describes the subject
–Forms of “to be”
am
being
be
is
are
was
were
shall be
will be
has been
have been
had been
should be
would be
can be
could be
VERB
•Helping Verbs: words used in a verb
phrase
can
could
do
did
does
had
has
have
may
might
must
shall
should
will
would
•Remember to identify ALL the verbs in a
sentence: action, linking, and helping!
ADVERBS
• Adverbs: modifies a verb, adjective, or
adverb
– an -ly ending is not a guarantee that a word is an adverb
– Marian Anderson performed magnificently.
• How
– Marian Anderson performed earlier.
• When
– Marian Anderson performed there.
• Where
– Marian Anderson performed widely.
• To what extent
Adverbs
• Nouns or adverbs?
– They returned to their home.
– They returned home before noon
– Yesterday was a good day.
– The teacher reviewed what had been
covered yesterday.
– When identifying POS, identify adverb
words that modify verbs, adjectives and
adverbs.
PREPOSITION
• Preposition: shows relationship of a
noun/pronoun to another noun/pronoun;
relationship between two prepositional
phrases; or the relationship between two
independent clauses
– Examples:
• Careful: some prepositions can be adverbs
when they modify the verb!
– The runner fell behind.
PREPOSITION
•Compound preposition: two or more words
working together to form a preposition
according to
in back of
ahead of
in case of
along with
in front of
as for
instead of
by way of
out of
due to
up to
except for
with the exception of
in addition to
in spite of
because of
in regard to
away from
CONJUNCTIONS
• Conjunction: word that joins words or
word groups
• Coordinating conjuntions: joins word
groups that are used in the same way
– Examples:
• Correlative Conjunctions: pairs of
conjunctions that joins word groups
in the same way
– Examples:
Conjunctions
• Subordinating Conjunction begins a
subordinate clause and connects it to
an independent clause.
After
Although
As
As well as
Because
Before
Even though
How
It
Provided
Since
So that
Than
That
Though
Unless
Until
When
Whenever
Where
Wherever
Whether
While
Why
• Careful! These words can sometimes be
prepositions!
INTERJECTIONS
• Interjections: expresses emotion,
have no grammatical relation to the
rest of the sentence
– Examples: