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Physical and Chemical Changes Picture Vocabulary Matter and Energy Physical Change A change to a substance without forming a new substance, such as changing size or state of matter. Chemical Change A change that alters the identity of a substance, resulting in a new substance or substances with different properties. Cell This is an example of a blood cell. The basic structural and functional unit in living organisms. Organ A large mass of similar tissue that makes up a part of an organism that performs a specific function. Digestive System The group of organs that work together to break down food by physical and chemical processes into nutrients that the body can use. Saliva A clear liquid that moistens the mouth and starts the digestion of food. Digestive Juices Chemicals secreted or released into the mouth, stomach, and intestines; responsible for aiding in the chemical break down of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Stomach The organ in the digestive system that churns food and mixes it with digestive juices. Small Intestine The organ in the digestive system that finishes breaking down food with digestive juices and absorbs the nutrients. Nutrients The organ in the digestive system that finishes breaking down food with digestive juices and absorbs the nutrients. Proteins Large complex molecules containing carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sometimes sulfur that break down to amino acids. Amino Acids The building blocks of the proteins in our bodies and in the food we eat. Lipids (Fat) One of the nutrient-providing components of food; used as an energy source in the body, and found in butter, oils, nuts, meat, fish, and some dairy products. Fatty Acids The building blocks of the fat in our bodies and in the food we eat. Carbohydrates Molecules containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that break down into simple sugars. Sugars (Glucose) A simple molecule with stored chemical energy; the product of photosynthesis and the building blocks of the carbohydrates in our bodies and in the food we eat.