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Transcript
Classifying Living Organisms We will learn: 1) History of Classification 2) Classification system 3) 5 Kingdoms 4) Vertebrates 5) Invertebrates 6) Fungi 7) Protists 8) Monerans Classification Unit Vocab #1-7 1. Classification – the process of grouping similar things together 2. Kingdom – a major, large group of similar organisms 3. Species – a unique kind of organism 4. Organism – any living thing 5. Taxonomy – the science of classification 6. Genus – a number of similar, closely related species 7. Carl Linnaeus – 18th century Swedish scientist who developed the two name classification system we use today Classification Unit Vocab #8-15: 8. Binomial nomenclature – classification system giving each organism two names, a genus and species name (homo sapiens) 9. Homo sapiens - the scientific name for humans 10. Fungi – multicellular organisms that have a nucleus and absorb the organism that it is growing on (mushrooms, yeast, and molds) 11. Spores - single reproductive cells which grow into a new plant 12. Autotrophs – organisms that make their own food 13. Heterotrophs – organisms that can’t make their own food 14. Vertebrate – an animal with a backbone 15. Invertebrate – an animal without a backbone History of Classification Read the document “History of Classification” and answer these questions in complete sentences: 1. Scientists have identified more than ________________ different types of living things. 2. The science of classification is a branch of biology known as __________________. 3. Aristotle divided organisms into these two groups: _________________________. 4. What did Aristotle ignore when he devised his classification system? 5. Who created the classification system that we use today? 6. What is the naming system called that he developed? 7. What are the two parts to each name in this system? 8. How many names does each living organism have? 9. What two purposes does the Linnaeus naming system have? Linnaeus’s System of Classification Brain Pop classification Lesson 1: How are Living Things Grouped? Textbook pages 94-95 Answer in complete sentences: 1. Give an example of how you classify objects in your home. (kitchen, garage, office, etc…) 2. What are 2 characteristics the hawk and the bat share? 3. What are 2 differences between the hawk and the bat? 4. Give an example of a kingdom you have learned about in history class. How does it relate to the 5 kingdoms on page 95? 5. Name the 5 kingdoms and a characteristic of each. The 5 Kingdoms 1. Plants 2. Animals 3. Fungi 4. Protists 5. Monerans Classification System Textbook pages 96-97 1. Draw the Linnaeus classification system in your journal like page 96. 2. Create a mnemonic device to remember the Order of Classification. Example: 3. King Phillip Coughed On Fred & he Got Sick How do the relationships among organisms change as they are classified into more exact groups? 4. What is the largest group used to classify living things? The most specific? 5. Two plants are named Vinca minor and Vinca rosea. Are they close relatives? Explain. Classification RAP Bill Nye Classification of Species Lesson 2: What are Vertebrates and Invertebrates? We will learn about 5 categories of vertebrates and 5 categories of invertebrates Form and Function Read pages 104-108 Vertebrates 1. Mammals warm blooded, have hair, produce milk for young monkeys, mice, whales, kangaroos, people, to name a few! 2. Birds warm blooded, hollow 3. bones, lay eggs, feathers Reptiles cold blooded, live in warm places, lungs, lay eggs, dry scaly skin snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, turtles 4. Fish cold 5. blooded, gills, lay eggs Amphibians cold blooded, lungs & gills, moist skin (no scales), lay eggs frogs, toads, & salamanders Invertebrates We will learn about: 1. Sponges, jellyfish, and corals 2. Worms 3. Mollusks 4. Echinoderms 5. Arthropods Happy Invertebrates! 5:25 Cool Fact! 97% of the animal kingdom are invertebrates, 3% are vertebrates Invertebrates 1. Sponges, jellyfish, and coral • All live in salt water oceans • Sponges take in water, filter out food (plankton), and push out waste • Jellyfish have tentacles with venomous stingers • Corals get nutrients from algae's photosynthesis Sponges! 9:43 Invertebrates 2. Worms two body openings simple Ex. 3. nervous system Flatworms, roundworms, segmented worms Mollusk soft 3 bodies body parts (head, body, foot) Ex. Clams, oysters, squid, octopus, snails Invertebrates 4. 5. Echinoderms external skeletons, 5 body parts Ex. Starfish, sea urchin, sea cucumber, sand dollar Arthropods bodies divided into segments, legs with several joints, have an exoskeleton Categorized by 6 legs (ants, flies), 8 legs (spiders), 10 legs (crabs, lobsters), and more than 10 legs (centipedes) Ex. insects (are the largest group of land animals), spiders, crabs, lobsters, scorpions, centipedes, millipedes Vertebrates and Invertebrates REVIEW Textbook pages 104-107 1. Create a table that lists the 5 classes of vertebrates: characteristics an 2. of each example of the animal Create a table the lists the 5 classes of invertebrates: characteristics an of each example of the animal Fungi Multi-celled organisms Heterotrophs (absorb food from living or dead organisms) Live off dead or living organisms (like dead trees)decomposers Examples: mushrooms, molds, mildew, & yeast (single-celled fungi) Fungi Video 14:43 Protists Single celled organisms Eukaryotes (have a nucleus) Some are heterotrophs, some are autotrophs Examples: protozoa, amoeba, algae, blue-green algae, diatoms, euglena Protist Video 3:11 Monerans Monerans (bacteria) Smallest & most numerous of earth’s organisms Simple, singled celled organisms Prokaryotes (don’t have a nucleus) Heterotrophs AND Autotrophs Bacteria are the most numerous organisms on earth & live EVERYWHERE (even where nothing wants to live!)