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CHAPTER 13 Rise of the Franks Disorder and change after the breakup of Western Roman Empire. Barbarian invasions and settlement/ new customs, and lifestyles to many parts of western Europe. 400’s-1500s’ as a transition in the development of Western culture. Called the Middle Ages or the Medieval period. END OF THE CLASSICAL AGE AND THE START OF THE MODERN WORLD! Rise of the Franks Small kingdoms established One Germanic tribes had a lasting impact, Franks, they shaped the new culture of post-Roman Europe. They began to move into the Rhine River valley their ruler was named Clovis, became king of one of the Frankish tribes. Clovis and his successors were called Merovingian's, traced his families name back to a ancestor named Merovech. Rise of the Franks Clovis conquered other Frankish tribes. Controlled all of northern Gaul. Clovis was a Christian and received support of the Christian Church. Franks began to control southwestern Gaul (present day France) France is named after the Franks… Clovis died, his son divided the kingdom ( was a Frankish custom) Rise of the Franks After Clovis past away many of the next rulers were weak… The chief of the royal household, known as the mayor of the palace,” became the real ruler of each kingdom. Pepin II ruled from 687-714. Pepin and his successors united the Frankish kingdoms. Rise of the Franks Pepin II died his son, Charles Martel (Charles the hammer, became mayor of the palace.) 732 his Calvary defeated the Spanish moors. Son Pepin III (Pepin the short became the Merovingian kingdom’s joint mayor of the palace with his brother, Carloman. ) Pepin overthrows the thrown and becomes king. Rise of the Franks https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xA_SSp QDpl4 Rise of the Franks Pepin was anointed king of the Franks. Pepin III’s coronation established the Carolingians Carolingians- new line of Frankish rulers. Pope confirmation of Pepin’s rule, strengthened the legitimacy of the new Carolingian dynasty. European Christians believed that the pope’s blessing came directly form God. Pope helped Pepin against the Lombards, a Germanic tribe that was attacking central Italy and threatening Rome. Pepin defeated the Lombard's and got the land surrounding Rome and gave it to the Pope. Rise of the Franks The land that was given was called the Donation of Pepin, this created the Papal States. With the alliance that was formed this paved the way for the rise of Charlemagne. (greatest of all Frankish kings) Rise of the Franks Charlemagne’s Empire: 768-814 46 years of rule. Charlemagne was declared the Emperor of the Romans Charlemagne established schools that were based on Roman schools. The Holy Roman Emperor eventually became a figurehead. Rise of the Franks Charlemagne’s death: Louis the Pious was his only surviving son. After his son died the kingdom was divided among Charles the Bald, and Lou9is the German. This was called the treaty of Verdun. Feudalism The system: A lord granted land, the land that was granted was called a fief. The person who received the fief was called a vassal. Passed down from father to eldest sonprimogeniture. Manorial system: economic structure, Manors, were large farming estates that included manor houses, cultivated lands, woodlands, pastures, fields and villages. Feudalism Knights: took a code of conduct known as chivalry, rules that dictated knights behavior towards others. Knights had to come from the noble class and had to pass through two stages of training. Age of seven a boy would serve as a knight’s page or attendant. Teenager boy would become a knights assistant, called a squire. Then become a knight once he proved himself to be a skilled and courageous fighter. The Church Monasticism: refers to the way of life in convents and monasteries. Two types of clergy, Priests, bishops and the pos were secular clergy. Second group was called the regular clergy, Monks, nuns. Benedict: was a hermit. Saint Benedict created rules to govern monks’ lives. \ Saint Augustine: led a group of monks to England and eventually all of England accepted Christianity. Augustine became the Archbishop of Canterbury. Center of the Christian church in England.