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RNA
13.1
PAGES 362-365
RNA
 Stands for Ribonucleic acid
3 MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DNA AND RNA
 1. Sugar in RNA is ribose (vs. deoxyribose)
 2. Single-stranded (vs. double-stranded)
 Contains the nitrogenous base uracil (pairs with adenine
instead of thymine)
RNA VS. DNA
ROLES OF DNA VS. RNA
 Think of this as a construction site:
 DNA is the “master plan” used to prepare the “blueprint,”
which is RNA.
 DNA molecule stays safely in the cell’s nucleus
 RNA molecules go to protein-building sites in the cytoplasm
called the ribosome
RNA
 Controls the assembly of amino acids into proteins
 Proteins direct/control a lot of cellular functions…that’s one of
the reasons RNA is so important
3 MAIN TYPES
 Each of the 3 main types of RNA has a different job when it
comes to protein synthesis:
 Messenger RNA (mRNA)
 Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
 Transfer RNA (tRNA)
MRNA
 RNA that carries instructions for polypeptide synthesis from
nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm
RRNA
 Forms an important part of both sub-units of the ribosome
TRNA
 Carries amino acids to the ribosome
 Matches those amino acids to the coded mRNA message