Download CHAPTER 4.2 EXAM REVIEW: 1. Give examples of both biotic and

CHAPTER 4.2 EXAM REVIEW:
1. Give examples of both biotic and abiotic factors.
Biotic- grass, bears, humans
Abiotic- soil, air, sunlight
2. What biotic factor would affect the size of only ONE population in a community in a specific ecosystem?
Numbers and kinds of predators in an area.
3. If lack of rainfall causes an organism to leave its usual habitat or niche, the behavior is caused by a change in
what kind of factor? (biotic or abiotic)
A change in an abiotic factor.
4. Define niche.
the range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which it uses those
conditions
5. Several species of warblers can live in the same spruce trees. Why?
They occupy different niches within the tree.
6. Define predation.
An interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism is called predation.
7. Species can share the same habitat, as long as they do not share the same _________________________.
Species can share the same habitat, as long as they do not share the same niche in that habitat.
8. What is the competitive exclusion principal?
No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time.
9. Primary succession can begin after what?
Lava flow, a glacier melts and exposes rock
10. A symbiotic relationship between a flower and the insect that feeds on its nectar is an example of what?
Mutualism
11. How could a predator INCREASE the numbers of a certain species in a habitat?
Killing and eating the competitors of other species
12. Define ecological succession
The series of predictable changes that occurs in a community over time is called ecological succession.
13. What is the one difference between primary and secondary succession?
Secondary succession begins on soil and primary succession begins on newly exposed surfaces.
14. What are some factors that can influence change in an ecosystem?
Further disturbances, long-term climate changes, AND introduction of nonnative species
15. What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?
Biotic factors are living factors and abiotic factors are nonliving factors.
16. Define resource.
Any necessity to life is a resource.
17. Define symbiosis.
Any relationship in which two species live closely together is called symbiosis.
18. What do pioneer species do in primary succession?
Break up rocks for soil formation/ Contribute organic material to soil
19. Name and define all three classes of symbiotic relationships. Give an example of each kind.
Mutualism- both organisms benefit
EXAMPLE: a bee and a flower, ants and aphids
Commensalism- one organism benefits, the other is unaffected
EXAMPLE: barnacles and whales, clown fish and anemones
Parasitism- one organism benefits and the other is harmed
EXAMPLE: bedbugs and humans, ticks and dogs