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INDIRECT RULE
DIRECT RULE
Colonial power bring in their own officials
and soldiers to administer and rule colonies
– as seen with France
GOAL: Impose French culture on their
colonies and turn them into French
Provinces –government based only
On Colonial power
PROTECTORATE
Colonial power rules through cooperation
with local/native ruler or rulers giving area
limited self rule and may keep some local
rules based on European style
Great Britain used sultans, chiefs or local
rulers and encouraged their children to be
educated in England creating a Westernized
generation of leaders spreading
British culture and continued
control
FORMS OF IMPERIALISM
Local rulers were left in place with its own
internal government, but under the control
of a Colonial Power who gave advice to be
followed such as trade, economics,
industries, and missionary activity
SPHERE OF INFLUENCE
An area of a country in which an outside
power claimed exclusive investment or
control on production and trading privileges
to prevent conflict with other powers, as
seen in China
NATIONALISM
ECONOMIC
European nations demonstrating their
power and prestige to the world – pride
in their accomplishments – forced to
acquire new colonies to achieve a
balance with their competitors
Industrial Revolution created an greedy
demand for raw materials and new markets
RACISM
CAUSES OF IMPERIALISM
European sense of superiority made
them feel obligated to bring their
version of civilization to areas they
considered uncivilized – Europeans
believed inferior races should be
conquered to civilize them
RELIGION
Missionary Impulse
Convert new people to their religion thus
expanding their empire. Through religion
they spread Western culture values
AFRICA
Prior to colonization Africa
consisted of organized
empires
20 million slaves were
exported from Africa
Africans no say in takeover
of their Continent
Africans resisted Europeans
At times going to war
EUROPEAN CONTACT
Prior to Scramble for Africa
Small part of Africa under
European control
They were on the Coast &
short distance inland along
major rivers
Exploration
EFFECTS
SCRAMBLE FOR
AFRICA
BERLIN CONFERENCE
Meeting between
European nations to
create rules on how
to peacefully divide
Africa among
themselves for
colonization
Improper border design
Ethnic Struggles
Patronage politics
Civil Conflict
Poverty
Underdevelopment
Ethnic partitioning
Border disputes
End of slave trade –loss
of $$ -natural resources
are exploited
Production of cash
crops
Africans excluded from
Gov. positions