Download Chapter 15-1

Chapter 15-1
The Call to Arms
Aydin
Matney
Preston
Nanninga
Taking Sides in the
War
Fort Sumter
Two days after the attack
on Fort Sumter, Lincoln
declared that a rebellion
existed in the South, that
must be stopped.
Lincoln asked the nation’s
governors to raise 75,000
troops to take the rebellion
down. The support for the
war was so high, that many
states begged to send more
troops than what Lincoln
wanted.
More States Secede
Support for the
war was not in
every state in the
Union. The
Tennessee
governor said that
his state will not
furnish a single
man to fight
against it’s
brothers. Kentucky
and Missouri made
similar remarks.
Maryland and
Delaware did not
respond at all.
Map of the U.S, Civil War era
Blue: Union
Red: Confederacy
Purple: Border States that stayed with the Union
In April, Virginia left
the Union. In May,
Arkansas, Tennessee,
and North Carolina
followed suit.
However, 50 western
counties of Virginia
did not support the
South, so they split
from Virginia in 1861,
forming West Virginia
in 1863.
The Border States
The border states
during the Civil War
were Maryland,
Kentucky, and
Missouri. These
were slave states
that did not secede.
Missouri government sided
with the South, but when
Union supporters started to
fight within the state, Missouri
ended up staying in the Union.
Kentucky at first
was neutral, until
Confederate forces
invaded it in
September 1861,
which pushed
Kentucky to join the
Union.
In Maryland, southern
sympathizers destroyed railroads
and telegraph lines, making Lincoln
put Maryland under martial law,
which gives the military law
complete control and takes away
the rights of civilians.
North vs. South
Southern Advantages: The South
were fighting in there home
territory, getting support from
locals. Also, many of the nations
best generals resided from the U.S
Army to fight for the south, such
as, Albert Johnston, Joseph
Johnston, and Robert E. Lee.
Northern Advantages: Out of
the 130,000 factories in the
U.S, 110,000 were in the
North, they also had twice as
much railroad track and
farmland. The North also had
a population advantage.
Planning Strategies
The North planned to win
the war as quickly as
possible. Lincoln ordered
the navy to blockade
southern seaports. He
hoped to cut off their
supplies of over the seas
goods and block oversea
sales of cotton. The North
wanted to take control
over the Mississippi River
in order to cut the south in
half. They also planned to
invade Richmond, Virginia,
the South’s capital.
A political cartoon featuring
Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson
Davis.
The Confederates
did not need and
want to invade the
North, they wanted
to defend their land
until the Union got
tired of fighting. They
wanted to get aid
from Britain and
other European
nations in exchange
for badly wanted
cotton.
By July 1861,
the Northern
newspapers
wanted the
capture of
Richmond,
Virginia,
because it
would end
the war
quickly.
First Battle of Bull Run
The Confederates
made the Union
retreat, ending in
a Confederate
victory.
First Battle of Bull Run
Why Bull Run you ask? Bull Run was the
name of a river north of Manassas. It
happened on July 1. At this battle, a
Southern general, by the name of Thomas
Jackson, also known as Stonewall Jackson,
Because him and his troops looked like a
stonewall.
Irvin McDowell, a Union
general, rounded up 30,000
men and left Washington on
the march to Virginia. About
the same number of
Confederates were waiting in
a railroad center 25 miles in
Manassas. Many people
watched the battle, even
having picnics, expecting a
easy Union victory.
A Soldier’s Life
Civil War prison camp
¾ of a soldier’s time
was spent in camp
training up to 10 hours
a day, when they were
not training they stood
guard, wrote home, and
gathered firewood.
Camp conditions were horrible. Outbreaks
of smallpox, typhoid fever, and other
diseases.
Hardtack
A meal they
often had
was hardtack
a cracker-like
product.
Both sides kept
prisoners of war.
Many of the prison
camps were
overcrowded, in
fact, 10% of
soldiers who died
in the war died in
prison camps.
Bibliography
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