Download War Erupts

Chap 16 Sec 1
Notes
War Erupts
First Shots at Fort Sumter
• Southern states take over most federal forts within their borders
• Federal troops hold ___________, harbor of Charleston, South Carolina
• Abraham Lincoln decides to send ____________ to Fort Sumter
• Confederates _______ fort before supplies arrive, start Civil War
• U.S. troops defend fort for ___ hours, then ____________
Lincoln Calls Out the Militia
• President Lincoln asks states for ____________ to put down uprising
• In the upper South, state leaders refuse request
• Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas join _______________
• Volunteers rush to enlist in both ________ and ______________
• Confederate capital is moved to _______________, Virginia (May, 1861)
• ___________________ becomes commanding general of Northern
Virginia
Choosing Sides
• Border states—____________________________________________
• Include Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri
• Maryland stays in ________, keeps Washington D.C. within the Union
• Kentucky, Missouri, Delaware stay in Union
• Western counties, Virginia break away, form Union state, West Virginia
• ____ states make up the Union, _____ states join the Confederacy
Strengths and Weaknesses
• North has 22 million __________, South has ___________ people
• 85 percent of nation’s ___________ located in the North
• North has more __________ mileage, all the naval power, shipyards
• Union has great leader, President __________________
Continued Strengths and Weaknesses
• Confederacy has able __________________
• Union supply lines will have to _____________ to invade the South
• Confederates defending homes, have more ___________ than invaders
The Confederate Strategy
• Confederacy takes ________ position, does not want to conquer North
• Uses _______________ to win foreign support, withholds cotton exports
• Hopes to force Britain, ___________ to aid the Confederates
• Europeans have cotton ______________, don’t want to get involved
• South becomes ___________, tries for big victories to demoralize North
The Union Strategy
• North develops offensive strategy
• General Winfield Scott’s _______________—smother the South’s
economy
• Use naval _________________of South’s coastline
• Blockade— ______________________, people into or out of an area
• Gain control of the Mississippi River, _______Confederacy in two
• Scott’s plan takes time, Lincoln decides to invade Virginia (1861)
Battle of Bull Run
• Confederates defeat Union troops at ______________________ (1861)
• Victory thrills South, North has underestimated their opponent
• Lincoln sends militia home, calls for real army of __________ volunteers