Download Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis
CLICK HERE to and scroll to
watch Photosynthesis Video
Photosynthesis
The process where light energy is
converted into chemical energy
Photosynthesis
• Autotrophs change light
energy into chemical
energy in the process of
photosynthesis.
• Plants use light energy
to convert water and
carbon dioxide into
oxygen and
carbohydrates (sugars
and starches)
Process of Photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis is a
process used by
green plants
• The is a type of
autotrophic
nutrition.
• Photosynthesis is
carried out by
chloroplasts, which
contain chlorophyll
• In the chloroplasts,
CO2 and H2O are
used to form
C6H12O6 and O2
Process of Photosynthesis
LABEL the reactants & products
below
6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2
 = light energy
trapped in the
chloroplast makes
this process
happen
Photosynthesis Equation
6CO2 + 6H2O
carbon
dioxide
water
C6H12O6 + 6O2
light energy
sugar
(glucose)
oxygen
Photosynthesis Equation
6CO2 + 6H2O
carbon
water
C6H12O6 + 6O2
light energy
dioxide
sugar
oxygen
(glucose)
• Requirements:
– 6CO2 – carbon dioxide
is absorbed from the
environment
– 6H2O – water
absorbed from the
environment
– Energy – energy from
the sun is trapped by
the chlorophyll in the
chloroplasts
• Products/Wastes:
– C6H12O6 – organic
sugar (glucose) is
stored in the plant
– 6O2 – oxygen is
released as a waste
product
Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
• Water or Carbon dioxide (wax prevent water loss)
• Temperature (0-35°C for enzymes)
• Light intensity (min and max)
or water
Light and Pigments
• Energy from the sun travels to Earth in the
form of light of different wavelengths of the
visible spectrum as different colors
• Plants gather the sun’s energy with lightabsorbing molecules called pigments.
Chloroplasts
• Chlorophyll in the
chloroplast is the green
pigment that captures light
energy to carry out
photosynthesis.
• Oxygen is released through
the leaves
• Organic sugars made are
used by the autotroph to
grow/develop or stored as
carbohydrates or lipids.
CLICK HERE to scroll and watch
Light Reactions
Inside Chloroplasts
• Photosynthesis takes place
inside chloroplasts
• Thylakoids = saclike
photosynthetic
membranes containing
chlorophyll and other
pigments
• Grana = stacks of
thylakoids
• Stroma = region (space)
outside thylakoids
Light vs. Dark Reactions
• Light-dependent
reactions take place
within the thylakoid
membranes.
• Light-independent
reactions, or the
Calvin cycle, take
place in the stroma.
NADPH
• High-energy electrons are transported
from the chlorophyll by carrier molecules
• NADP+ is one carrier molecule that carries
two high-energy electrons with a
hydrogen ion (H+) converting it into
NADPH
• The NADPH carries the electrons produced
by light absorption in chlorophyll to
chemical reactions throughout the cell.
CLICK HERE to scroll and watch
Glycolysis
Light-dependent Reactions
• Require LIGHT!
• Use energy from
light to produce
oxygen and
convert ADP &
NADP+ into the
energy carriers
ATP & NADPH
Light-independent Reactions
The Calvin Cycle
• The Calvin cycle uses
the energy from ATP &
NADPH to make highenergy compounds
that can store the
energy longer (sugars)
• Light independent
reaction = does NOT
require light