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Unit 2 Tunes,Melodies and Texture Melody • What is a Melody? • A musical line, with direction, shape, and structure • The main part in the music that we listen to Harmony • More than 2 notes played at the same time • Most times played as chords, both major and minor • Used to support the melody Texture Monophonic: Single melody line only – ( Ex. Kyrie Trope/Chant) Homophonic: Melody supported by harmonies Polyphonic: Many melodies played together all related, best know as rounds, canons,and fugues Form • Through composed, one melody only • Form is set of guidelines that composers use to create music. A basic set of rules • Binary form, or two parts A-B or chorus/verse • Ternary form A-B-A • Compund Binary • Coumpound Ternary Terms • Introduction, short part at the beginning of the song, not part of the form • Bridge, A transition section, often times changes keys Coda, added ending Dymanics • • • • The relative volume of the music Loud vs.Soft Forte =Loud Piano =Soft • Crescendo= gradually grow louder • Decrescendo= gradually grow softer The Beatles The Beatles Yesterday • • • • • Sound Source: Men’s voice,guitar and strings Concept: Ballad, Love Song ,sense of loss Behavior: Listening & reflecting Form: AABA coda, ternary Texture Homophonic Yemon Beni • Sound Source: Male Voice, primative string instrument,drums,& finger cymbals • Concept: Indian folk song, telling of a story • Behavior: Street Begging, Enterainment • Form: AB, binary, verse refrain Franz Schubert Franz Schubert 1797-1828 • Best known for his 600 songs/lieders and his Seven Symphonies Mostly unknown during his brief life, His music and he only became famous after his death at the age of 31 1 of 14 children and only 5 survived past age 1 His early musical training was with his father, a teacher and school headmaster Who Is Sylvia • Sound Source: male voice & piano • Concept: Expression of Love • Behavior: Impress girlfriend, parlor music & listening • Form: Through Composed,one part • Texture: Homophonic Who Is Sylvia • • • • • Who is Sylvia,what is she That all our swains commend her? Holy, fair,and wise is she; The heavens such grace did lend her That she might admired Who Is Sylvia • • • • Is she kind as she is fair? Love doth to her eyes repair To help him of his blindness And, being helped inhabitits there. Who Is Sylvia • • • • Then to Sylvia let us sing That Sylvia is excelling; She excels each mortal thing Upon the dull earthdwelling; Sumer Is Icumen In “ Summer is Coming In” • Dating for 1240 • One of the first known secular songs • Secular means not church music • Four part round with two added voices Sumer Is Icumen In “ Summer is Coming In” • • • • • Sound Source: male voices Concept: Celebrating the arrival of summer Behavior: Rejoining the arrival of Summer Form: Through Composed,one part Texture: Polyphonic Prelude and Fugue BWV 847 in C minor • Sound Source: Harpsichord and Moog synthesizer • Concept: constant harmonic motion, introducing various melodic phrases, showing off • Behavior: Movement & excitment • Form: prelude Through Composed,one part homophonic • Texture: Fugue, Polyphonic Though Composed J.S. Bach J.S. Bach 1685-1750 • • • • • • • • German Composer & Musician Born into a musical family Youngest of 8 children First taught by his father Both his parent’s died when he was 10 Lived with his old brother Enrolled in a famous music school @ 15 A two week walk from home J.S. Bach • Develop his musical skills at this time both as a composer and organist/musician • Married 1st wife in 1707 she died in 1720 • Married second wife in 1721, she was 16 years younger than Bach • Poor health in has last few years • Died in 1750 after two failed eye operations Moog 1934-2005 Moog Syntheizer Moog • Inventor of the Moog Synthesizer • Had degrees in electrical engineering • Founded two companies the developed and sold synthesizers and related instruments Billy Joel 1949• Born Levittown New York The Longest Time • • • • • Sound Source: Men’s voices Concept: Ballad, Love Song ,sense of loss Behavior: Listening & reflecting Form: BAABAC/bridgeAC/bridge AB Texture Homophonic