Download Common Motivation Theories

Common Motivation Theories
How do you get others to
accomplish the organization’s
mission & goals?
Networking Clock Activity
 Complete Motivational Theory Charts with
appointments from clock.
Set appointments for:
 9 am
 10 am
 11 am
 1 pm
 2 pm
 3 pm
 4 pm
 Meet with your appointment, exchange information
Consider the theories – answer these
questions
1. Which theory do you like best and why?
2. What are the common methods of
motivation used to move employees
toward common goals.
3. Based upon what you have learned so
far, what would you do to motivate
employees in your company?
4. Staple clock to research information
sheet and submit to in box
Common Motivation Theories
How do you get others to
accomplish the organization’s
mission & goals?
Theory X – Sigmund Freud
Assumes that people:
Are lazy
Hate work and avoid it
Have no ambition or
initiative
Avoid responsibility
Only want security
Muse be rewarded,
coerced, intimidated,
and punished
Theory X – Sigmund Freud
Assumes that managers
must:
 Give rewards or
punishments to get others
to work
 Constantly police their
staff because they do not
trust them to work on their
own
 Intimidate others with
authority
Theory X – Sigmund Freud
The work climate is:
 Frustrating to both workers and
managers
 Oppressive and harsh
 Divisive (managers vs.
employees)
 Not productive
 Not a creative
 Not personally fulfilling to
employees
Theory Y – Douglas McGregor
 Assumes that people:
 Want to learn
 View work as natural as
play
 Develop self-discipline
 Want personal growth and
development
 Want freedom to do
challenging work
 Rise-up and lead amongst
themselves
Theory Y – Douglas McGregor
 Assumes that managers must:
 Fit the human wish for selfdevelopment into the
organizations need for maximum
productive efficiency.
 Allow employee imagination to
drive productivity
 Carefully select employees to
form a like minded group
 Share the power with employees
Theory Y – Douglas McGregor
The work climate is:
 Positive in nature
 One that supports innovation
and new ideas that meet the
company goals
 Cooperative and group
oriented
 productive
 creative
 Personally fulfilling to
employees
 Shared leadership
Theory Z – Abraham Maslow
Assumes that people:
 All people are inherently good (at least at birth – it
can be lost)
 People need meaning and significance in their
work
 Man’s behavior is dominated by constant
unsatisfied needs
 Man’s highest needs are self-actualization –
focusing on problems external to themselves.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Theory Z – Abraham Maslow
 Assumes that managers must:
 Provide for basic needs – proper monetary compensation and
benefits to take care of the physiological and safety needs
 Create a team/group atmosphere where everyone feels
accepted and welcomed at their place of work
 Recognize high performing employees and include them in
decision making on large company goals and projects
 Provide opportunities for creativity, innovation, and problemsolving for employees.
Theory Z – Abraham Maslow
The work climate is:
 Harmonious and supportive
 Workers give effort and thought
into their jobs
 Participative
 Group or “team” oriented
 Inclusive in decision-making
 Provides choice to workers to
meet their personal growth
needs.
 Focus on the customer or
community – bigger than
themselves
Two Factor Theory – Herzberg
The Factors
 Hygiene Factors
(needed to ensure that an
employee does not become
dissatisfied)
 Working Conditions
 Quality of Supervision
 Salary
 Status
 Safety
 Company
 Job
 Company policies and
administration
 Interpersonal relations
 Motivation Factors
(needed to motivate an employee
to higher performance – intrinsic
or internal motivation)
 Achievement
 Recognition for
achievement
 Responsibility for Task
 Interesting Job
 Advancement to higher
level tasks
 Growth
Two Factor Theory - Herzberg
Low Motivation
High
Hygiene
Low
Hygiene
High Motivation
Employees have few
complaints but are not
motivated. Job is
perceived as a paycheck
Ideal situation where
employees are highly
motivation and have few
complaints
The worst situation.
Employees are not
motivated and have lots
of complaints
Employees are motivated
by have a lot of
complaints. A situation
where the job is exciting
and challenging, but
salaries and work
conditions are not OK
Key for Two Factor Theory Managers
Job enlargement – adding to assignments
or giving more responsibility.
Job rotation – move employees to different
areas of the company so employees are
cross-trained.
Job enrichment – provide professional
learning opportunities for employee growth
and development
Assignment – Answer the Questions
How does understanding motivational
theories help you understand how to get
others to accomplish the organization’s
mission & goals?
Write an example of a situation/scenario in
business when Theory X is the best
motivational style to use, Theory Y is the
best is the best motivational style to use,
AND Theory Z is the best is the best
motivational style to use.