Download INDICATORS

Submitted to:
Professor Marilyn Lim
Reported and Submitted by:
Marie Grace Z. Gomez and Claro Emmanuel M. Lavado
September 24, 2011
PUP OUS MPA 629
Trends and Issues in Public Administration
LOGO
Globalization
Class participation – “Meaning of
Globalization”
Play Video
What is globalization?
 Increased and intensified flows between
countries of goods, services, capital, ideas,
information
and
people,
which
produce
national cross-border integration of a number
of economic, social and cultural activities.
 An
increased
global
integration
and
interdependence;
 Has a multidimensional character: economic,
political, social and cultural;
 Characterized by unprecedented rapid flows
of goods and services; private capital;
circulation of ideas and tendencies; and
 Emergence of new social and political
movements.
Drivers of Globalization
 Trade and investment liberalization policies
 Technological innovation and the reduction in
communication and transportation costs
 Entrepreneurship
 Global social networks
Challenges of PA in
Globalizing the World
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Alleviation of poverty and inequality
Advancement of human rights and
democracy
Protection of the environment and
sustainable development
Mobility of workers and migration
Demographic trends: ageing population and
impact of HIV/AIDS
Bridging the digital divide
Impact of globalization
1. Affects the role and functioning of the State
2. Re-designing the State
3. Reinventing the Government
Impact of globalization
1. Affects the role and functioning of the State
a.
Role in domestic and international governance
b.
Multi-layered governance
Impact of globalization
2. Re-designing the State
a.
Privatization and deregulation
b.
Market-like mechanisms
c.
Decentralization
d.
Debucratization
Impact of globalization
3. Reinventing the Government
a.
Let the managers manage
b.
Empowering citizens
c.
New responsibility mechanisms
d.
Introducing business principles into public affairs
e.
Downplaying the concept of “public service”
f.
Promoting professional ethics in the public sphere
g.
Performance management
h.
Performance budgeting
Public’s View on the pros and
cons of globalization
Class participation – “Is Globalization is
good or bad”
Play Video
Philippines’ Response to
Globalization
Timelines
1949 to 1960:
Protective Era
Response
Implication
Imposed Import and
Foreign exchange controls
due to sever Balance of
Payments (BOP) crisis
dwindling foreign exchange
reserves.
Bias against export
production prevented
local industries from
advancing and
achieving comparative
advantage and
economies of scale in
producing world market
Philippines’ Response to
Globalization
Timelines
1960s:
Period of
Decontrol
Response
Implication
BSP launched decontrol
program, calling for the gradual
removal of import and foreign
exchange controls
RA 6158 or Investment
Incentives Act which offers
incentives to local and foreign
investors who would venture into
preferred areas of investments
Creation of BOI mandated to
make Investment Priorities Plan
(IPP)
Inability of exports to
expand inhibited the
growth of industrial
employment
Philippines’ Response to
Globalization
Timelines
1970s
Response
Implication
RA 6135 or Export Incentives Act in 1970
providing additional incentives to export
producers
Generated employment because
BOI-registered exporters are
allowed to deduct the total cost of
direct labor and local raw
materials used in export
production from their taxable
income
Devaluation of the Phil Peso policy
Peso-dollar exchange rate
gradually went up
1972, Simplification of the Tariff and
Customs Code, establishment of export
processing zones and industrial estates,
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
(GATT), strengthening and streamlining of
government offices dealing with export
promotion, liberalization of export financing;
establishment of export industry authorities
Drew favorable reception from
electronics and garments firms
which are heavily dependent on
imported materials
Exodus of mostly blue-collar
workers to Middle East started
Philippines’ Response to
Globalization
Timelines
1980s
Response
Implication
Adopted Structural
Export and manufacture
adjustment program (SAP) of semi-conductors and
garment gained
prominence
1986, EO 226 or Omnibus Simplified laws and
Investments Code
provided income tax
holiday
Timelines
1990s
and
onwards
Philippines’ Response to
Globalization
Response
RA 7042 Foreign Investment Act
Implication
Liberalized the existing regulations
(i.e., for those not included in the
Foreign Investment Negative List)
EO 470 lowered the maximum tariff rate
to 50%
•Exports grew 1970 - US$1.1B 1980 US$5.8B 1990 - US$8.2B
1994 – US$13.4B
1992, full foreign exchange liberalization •Human capital and technology- Aimed to create a favorable
intensive goods grew
macroeconomic environment that will
•Rise of homeworkers, thus, Labor
accelerate the process of bringing
Code included conditions for
Philippine-based industries as well as
subcontracting workers
Filipinos to the forefront of
•Rise of OFWs
competitiveness in the world market
•Incidence of Child work
Foreign Direct Investments
Progressive decline for banks and
financial institutions but progressive
increase for manufacturing and the
rise ands fall for mining.
Responses and Effects of
Globalization to Philippines
Now, let us move
forward to vital
facts….
Global GDP vs Philippines GDP
over the years
ASEAN Countries
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Where we are today
WEF Global Competitiveness Report
 Rank:

No. 85 / 139 (2010)
No. 7 of 8 in ASEAN
IFC Doing Business Survey
 Rank:

No. 148 / 183 (2011)
No. 8 of 8 in ASEAN
IMD World Competitiveness Report
 Rank:

No. 41/59 (2011)
No. 5 of 5 in ASEAN
FutureBrand’s Country Brand Index
 Rank:

No. 65 / 110
No. 14 of 17 in Asia Pacific
No.75/
139
(2011)
Our Target
WEF Global Competitiveness Report
 Rank:

No. 85 / 139 (2010)
No. 7 of 8 in ASEAN
IFC Doing Business Survey
 Rank:

No. 148 / 183 (2010)
No. 8 of 8 in ASEAN
IMD World Competitiveness Report
 Rank:

No. 41/59 (2011)
No. 5 of 5 in ASEAN
FutureBrand’s Country Brand Index
 Rank:

No. 65 / 110
No. 14 of 17 in Asia Pacific
No. 30
or higher
by 2016
No. 50
or higher
by 2016
No. 20
or higher
by 2016
No. 30
or higher
by 2016
The impact we would like to see
 Increase FDI from US$1.7B in 2010 to
annually _______ by 2016 *
 Increase exports from US$ 63.3 B (2010) **
to US$ 120.40 B
 GDP Growth of 7- 8%***
Sources: *NSCB (Breakdown: 2010 Baseline - US$ 51.39 (goods) US$ 12.27(services)
2016 Target - US$ 91.5 B (goods) & US$ 28.9 B (services)
** Chapter 3 Phil Development Plan (Competitive Industry Sector )
*** NEDA Targets
The impact we would like to see
 Generate 1 million new local jobs per year ****
 Lower Poverty Incidence from 26.5 % in 2009
to 16.6 % in 2015.
 Shrink class D (62%) and class E (29%) and
expand class C from (8.6%)
Sources: **** p. 25, Phil. Labor and Employment Plan 2011-2016
Where we stand in
international metrics
… OUR CHALLENGE
WEF – Global Competitiveness
PHILIPPINES vs ASEAN 2008-2010
Over-all rankings
COUNTRIES
2010
2009
2008
3
3
5
MALAYSIA
26
24
21
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
28
32
39
THAILAND
38
36
34
VIETNAM
44
59
54
75
55
70
PHILIPPINES
85
87
71
CAMBODIA
109
110
109
SINGAPORE
INDONESIA
l Other ASEAN Countries not included in the Survey: Laos & Myanmar
WEF – Global Competitiveness Report
RED
Bottom 20% (111th – 139th)
25 indicators
PURPLE
Ranked 21 - 40% (83rd – 110th)
37 indicators
ORANGE Ranked 41 – 50% (69th – 82nd)
BLACK
Ranked 49% or higher (1st–
81st)
20 indicators
29 indicators
111 indicators
Priority Areas based on WEF Survey
INDICATORS
RANKING AGENCIES CONCERNED
2010 2011
1st pillar: Institutions
1.03 Diversion of public funds
1.04 Public trust of politicians
135
134
127
128
1.05 Irregular payments and bribes
1.06 Judicial independence
128
111
119
102
1.07 Favoritism in decisions of government
officials
1.08 Wastefulness of government spending
131
118
DBM, Ombudsman, COA
Ombudsman, MultiSectoral
Anti-Corruption Council,
Congress, Senate, LGUs
Ombudsman, CSC, COA
DOJ, Courts, Supreme
Court
Cabinet
118
109
DBM, COA, NEDA, OP
Priority Areas based on WEF Survey
INDICATORS
1st pillar: Institutions
1.09 Burden of government regulation
1.10 Efficiency of legal framework in
settling disputes
1.11 Efficiency of legal framework in
challenging regulations
1.12 Transparency of government
policymaking
1.13 Business costs of terrorism
1.17 Ethical behavior of firms
RANKING AGENCIES CONCERNED
2010 2011
126
122
126
115
116
118
123
120
126
129
130
118
DBM, NEDA, OP
DOJ, Courts, Supreme
Courts, Ombudsman,
Sandiganbayan
DOJ, Courts, Supreme
Court
Cabinet, NEDA
DND, DILG
DOLE, DTI, SEC, PEZA,
BOI, Private Sector
Priority Areas based on WEF Survey
INDICATORS
RANKING
AGENCIES CONCERNED
2010 2011
2nd pillar: Infrastructure
2.01 Quality of overall infrastructure
2.02 Quality of roads
2.04 Quality of port infrastructure
2.05 Quality of air transport infrastructure
113
114
131
112
113
100
123
115
DPWH, DOTC
DPWH, DOTC
DPWH, DOTC, PPA
DOTC
117
119
DOH
3rd pillar: Macroeconomic environment
4th pillar: Health and primary education
4.04 Tuberculosis incidence*
Priority Areas based on WEF Survey
INDICATORS
RANKING
AGENCIES CONCERNED
2010 2011
5th pillar: Higher education and training
5.04 Quality of math and science education
6th pillar: Market efficiency
6.06 Number of procedures required to
start a business*
6.07 Time required to start a business*
6.13 Burden of customs procedures
112
115
DepED, DOST, private
sector
128
134
DTI, DILG, LGUs
120
129
112
128
DTI, DILG, LGUs
DOF, BOC
Priority Areas based on WEF Survey
INDICATORS
RANKING
AGENCIES
CONCERNED
2010 2011
7th pillar: Labor market efficiency
7.04 Hiring and firing practices
7.05 Redundancy costs*
116
114
113
118
DOLE
DOLE-NWPC
112
90
NTC, DOTC, Private
Sector
8th pillar: Financial market
development
9th pillar: Technological readiness
9.04 Internet users*
Priority Areas based on WEF Survey
INDICATORS
RANKING
AGENCIES
CONCERNED
2010 2011
10th pillar: Market size
11th pillar: Business sophistication
12th pillar: Innovation
12.05 Government procurement of
advanced tech products
129
126
?
IFC WB – DOING BUSINESS SURVEY
PHILIPPINES’ 3-YEAR TREND
Over-all Ranking
2011
148
2010
144
2009
140
WB - IFC’s Doing Business Survey:
Philippines vs ASEAN* 3-year trend
COUNTRIES
2011
2010
2009
1
1
1
THAILAND
19
12
13
MALAYSIA
21
23
20
VIETNAM
78
93
92
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
112
96
88
INDONESIA
121
122
129
CAMBODIA
147
145
135
PHILIPPINES
148
144
140
SINGAPORE
* Other ASEAN Countries not included in the Survey: Laos & Myanmar
IFC – Doing Business Survey
INDICATORS
RED
Bottom 20% (146th – 183rd)
PURPLE
Ranked 21 – 40% (109th –
145th)
ORANGE
BLACK
Ranked 41 – 50% (91st –
108th)
Ranked 49% or higher (1st
– 90th)
3 indicators
4 indicators
1 indicator
1 indicator
9 indicators
DOING BUSINESS REPORT 2011
(out of 183 economies)
INDICATORS
OVER-ALL RANKING
Starting a business
Dealing with
construction permits
Employing workers
Registering property
Getting credit
Protecting investors
Paying taxes
Trading across
borders
Enforcing contracts
Closing a business
PHL
BRN
CAM
IDN
MYS
SGP
THA
VNM
148
156
156
112
133
74
147
170
146
121
155
60
21
113
108
1
4
2
19
95
12
78
100
62
102
128
132
124
61
183
116
120
22
52
117
89
74
57
118
98
116
44
130
47
60
1
4
23
37
15
6
2
4
1
19
72
12
91
12
43
15
173
124
63
118
153
159
42
142
183
154
142
59
55
13
2
25
46
31
124
Priority Areas based on IFC Survey
INDICATORS
OVER-ALL RANKING
Starting a business
RANKING
CONCERNED AGENCIES
148
156
Dealing with
construction permits
156
Closing a business
153
DTI, DILG, SEC, BIR, etc
DTI, LGUs
DTI, DILG, SEC, BIR, etc
Working Groups
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Education and Competitive Human Resources (DepEd)
Balanced Scorecard System (CSC, DAP, NGA)
Infrastructure for Competitiveness (DOTC / DPWH)
Open Skies
Ro-Ro / Inter-Modal Transport System
Public-Private Partnerships
Luzon Logistics Hub
Transaction Costs and Flows (DTI/DILG)
BPLS - Business Permits and Licensing System
PBR - Philippine Business Registry
Import and Export Clearance Process / Single Window (BOC)
Energy Costs and Availability (DOE)
Transparency in Budget Delivery (DBM)
* Priority areas under PIP program with Millenium Challenge Corp
Special projects
 Country Tourism Brand
Creation of a new, unified country tourism brand and
campaign covering advertising, public relations, events,
social marketing and new media for both international and
domestic audiences
 Renovation of airports
Airports are the most visible “destination” for travellers
which can leave a lasting impression at both arrival and
departure stages of a trip. There is an urgent need to fix
both NAIA and Mactan, renovating and modernizing the
interiors and improving airport processes to make travel a
more pleasant experience. Other airport projects can follow
 Upgrade of Roxas Boulevard-to-Intramuros stretch
Roxas Boulevard, Luneta Park, and Intramuros remain one
of the most visited tourist destinations in Manila and are
considered iconic, signature visitor sites. There is a need to
restore the area to its former glory
Aside from the public
administration challenges
mentioned,
… There is a new global
challenge that the world
is faced with….
Impact of Global Warming
or Climate change to
Human Health
(Show PPT)
… DOLE’s proactive response
is Green Productivity
Initiatives
The Singapore’s Phenomenon
The Man
Who
Defined
Singapore
Lee Kuan Yew
Prime Minister of Singapore
1965 - 1990
 Founder of modern
Singapore
 Led Singapore for
31 years (19651990); Britisheducated lawyer
 Now 87 yrs. old, he turned Singapore from
a resource-poor, malaria island into a
modern financial center
 Singapore, as of 2009, although very small,
has a wealth fund of between $200 to $300
Billion – an indicator of the country’s
progress
The Beginnings of Singapore
under Lee Kuan Yew
Looking back…..
 Expelled from the Federation of Malaysia
in 1965
 Became a republic on August 9, 1965
 Beset with pressing problems (1965-79)
 Unemployment
 Housing
 Education
 Lack of Natural Resources
Lee Kuan Yew : An
Authoritarian Leader
Controlled the country tightly through
the People’s Action Party
Restricted civil liberties
Leashed the press / free speech
Trampled on dissidents
Stunted entrepreneurship and creativity
in its citizens
Vigorously fought graft and corruption.
Lee’s key social reform campaigns
Do not chew gums
Do not spit on public places
Do not throw garbage from rooftops
Speak good English
Smile
Mate and Multiply – as part of plan to
create first-world citizens within its first
world-world infrastructure
Lee’s gigantic efforts to build
Singapore
Promoted manufacturing sector
Industrial sector estates were set up
Attracted foreign investment through
tax incentives
Ship servicing at the ports promoted
Lee’s gigantic efforts to build
Singapore
 Invited big oil companies (Shell and ESSO )
to establish oil refineries in Singapore,
which in the mid ‘70s became the largest oilrefining center in the world
 Invested heavily on the educational system
that adopted English as medium of
instruction.
 Emphasized practical training to develop a
competent workforce well-suited for the
industry
Lee’s gigantic efforts to build
Singapore
The 1980’s and 1990’s
 Unemployment rate fell from 10% to 3%
 GDP growth averaging at 8%
 Upgrading to higher technology industries
 Changi airport opened in 1981; Singapore
Airline Became a Major airline
 Port of Singapore became the world’s
busiest port
Lee’s gigantic efforts to build
Singapore
 Service and tourism industries grew
immediately
 Promoted public housing that have
larger and higher standard
apartments with better amenities.
90% of the population lives in
apartments
 Excellent transportation system
Singapore Flyer, Marina Bay
Super Tall Solar Trees, Bay South
Lion Fountain, Downtown Singapore
Singapore City
Modern
Apartment
Changi Airport
In 1990, Lee Kuan Yew passed the
reins of government to his handpicked successor, Goh Chok Tong and
continues to retain a fair amount of
influence
over
the
present
administration of his son, Lee Hsien
Loong.
Under Mr. Lee’s two successors
 Individualism gained more breathing
room
 Ban on chewing gum relaxed
 Night clubs, once invisible, throb into
the wee hours
 Casinos have been opened
 More open and consultative style of
leadership
 Political / electoral reforms being
instituted
The loosening up in Singapore has
Lee Kuan Yew’s full support. He says:
“ I think we have to go in whatever
direction world conditions dictate if
we are to survive and to be part of
this modern world. If we are not
connected to this modern world, we
are dead. We’ll go back to the fishing
village we once were.”
Conclusion
Every nation must continually
go with the flow of the world’s
changing times so as not be left
behind. But to be continuously
progressive with the changing
world, strong conscientious
political will is necessary coupled
with its productive citizens.
Thank you