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Chapter 11 Developmental Theories Denise Coffey MSN, RN Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Growth and Development Growth encompasses the physical changes across a person’s lifespan. Developmental processes include biological, cognitive, and socioemotional factors. Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 2 Developmental Theories Provide a framework for examining, describing, and appreciating human development. Help nurses assess and treat a client's response to illness. Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 3 Biophysical Developmental Theories Examine how bodies grow and change Gessell’s Theory of Development Based on children’s physical growth Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 4 Psychoanalytic/Psychosocial Theory Describes development from personality, cognitive, and behavioral perspectives Sigmund Freud Identified five stages of development Erik Erikson Identified eight stages of development Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 5 Perspectives on Adult Development Human development is lifelong Changes are slower Roger Gould Four themes Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 6 Cognitive Developmental Theory Examines how people learn to think and make sense of their world Jean Piaget Four stages Social cognitive theory Albert Bandura Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 7 Moral Development Theory Refers to changes in a person’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that influence the perception of right or wrong Piaget’s Moral Developmental Theory Two stages Kohlberg’s Moral Developmental Theory Six stages Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 8 Moral Reasoning and Nursing Practice Nurses need to identify their own moral reasoning. Nurses need to recognize the level of moral reasoning used by other health care team members. Mosby items and derived items © 2009, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 9
