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The “Splendid Little War” The Spanish American War, 1898 American Expansionism • Captain Alfred R. Mahan, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History • Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, and Theodore Roosevelt • Other Motives: • Religious • Ideological • Political • Economic • Exploratory Road to War • Problems in Cuba • General Valeriano “Butcher” Weyler • “reconcentrado” • The “Yellow Press” • Joseph Pullitzer, New York World • “Yellow Kid” • William Randolph Hearst The U.S. Readies for War • American investment inCuba • 1896 McKinley elected as President “Protect American Business! Free the Cuban people!” • Dupuy de Lome letter • Sinking of the U.S. Battleship Maine U.S.S. Maine Final Steps to Declaration of War • March 27, 1898 • April 9, 1898-Spain offers Cuban rebels an armistice • April 10, 1898-Spain willing to negotiate over Cuban independence • April 11, 1898-McKinley asks Congress to declare war on Spain • Teller Amendment Conduct of War • Theaters of War: Caribbean and Pacific • Philippines: • Emiliano Aguinaldo • Commodore Dewey • Rough Riders • Kettle and San Juan Hill Results of the War • 113 Days • Philippines • Platt Amendment • Cuba • Guam/Puerto Rico • Foraker Act, 1900 • Jones Act 1917 Cost of War/Critics • $250 million • 5,642 died (362 in battle) • Critics of expansion • Anti-Imperialists • Upset over treatment of the Philippines • Feared war with Japan in future • Hypocrisy of our actions